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Entropic Contributions to Protein Stability
Israel Journal of Chemistry ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-16 , DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202000032
Lavi S. Bigman 1 , Yaakov Levy 1
Affiliation  

Thermodynamic stability is an important property of proteins that is linked to many of the trade‐offs that characterize a protein molecule and therefore its function. Designing a protein with a desired stability is a complicated task given the intrinsic trade‐off between enthalpy and entropy which applies for both the folded and unfolded states. Traditionally, protein stability is manipulated by point mutations which regulate the folded state enthalpy. In some cases, the entropy of the unfolded state has also been manipulated by means that drastically restrict its conformational dynamics such as engineering disulfide bonds. In this mini‐review, we survey various approaches to modify protein stability by manipulating the entropy of either the unfolded or the folded states. We show that point mutations that involve elimination of long‐range contacts may have a greater destabilization effect than mutations that eliminate shorter‐range contacts. Protein conjugation can also affect the entropy of the unfolded state and thus the overall stability. In addition, we show that entropy can contribute to shape the folded state and yield greater protein stabilization. Hence, we argue that the entropy component can be practically manipulated both in the folded and unfolded state to modify protein stability.

中文翻译:

熵对蛋白质稳定性的贡献

热力学稳定性是蛋白质的一项重要特性,它与表征蛋白质分子及其功能的许多权衡取舍有关。考虑到焓和熵之间固有的折衷,设计出具有所需稳定性的蛋白质是一项复杂的任务,这既适用于折叠状态,也适用于展开状态。传统上,蛋白质稳定性是通过调节折叠状态焓的点突变来控制的。在某些情况下,未折叠状态的熵也已通过大大限制其构象动力学的手段(例如工程二硫键)进行了操纵。在本小型审查中,我们研究了通过操纵未折叠或折叠状态的熵来修饰蛋白质稳定性的各种方法。我们表明,涉及消除远距离接触的点突变可能比消除短距离接触的突变具有更大的去稳定作用。蛋白质缀合也可以影响展开状态的熵,从而影响整体稳定性。此外,我们表明熵可以有助于形成折叠状态并产生更大的蛋白质稳定性。因此,我们认为熵成分可以在折叠和未折叠状态下进行实际操作以修饰蛋白质的稳定性。
更新日期:2020-06-16
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