Clostridium butyricum is a bacterium of rod shape, strictly anaerobic, Gram‐positive and form spores. Short‐chain fatty acids, biofuel compounds and precursors of biomaterials (H₂, butanol and 1,3‐propanediol) are produced by C. butyricum during the fermentation of carbohydrates and sugars. In humans and animals, although C. butyricum has been found to be associated with botulism in infant and necrotising enterocolitis in preterm neonates, some strains have been demonstrated to be beneficial as probiotics. In aquatic animals, the application of C. butyricum as a probiotic has been commonly considered. In this review, we described and documented what we knew about the isolation, identification, phenotypic and biochemical characteristics, safety, pathogenicity and the mechanisms of action of C. butyricum in the gastrointestinal tract of aquatic animals. The evidence on the roles that C. butyricum plays in improving growth performance, digestibility, survival rate, immune response, disease resistance and the structure of intestinal tract, as well as the modulation of gut commensal microbiota and metabolic disorders in aquatic animals, is summarised. Albeit the probiotic C. butyricum has been applied in aquaculture, and further research, such as the inter‐relationships between the probiotic and the immune system of the host and the possible application of C. butyricum as an alternative to antibiotic substitution for the prevention and treatment of diseases, is required for future detailed studies.

中文翻译：

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丁酸梭菌：一种有前途的益生菌可给水生动物带来积极的健康益处

丁酸梭菌是杆状细菌，严格厌氧，革兰氏阳性并形成孢子。短丁酸梭菌在碳水化合物和糖的发酵过程中产生短链脂肪酸，生物燃料化合物和生物材料的前体（H ₂，丁醇和1,3-丙二醇）。在人和动物中，尽管已发现酪酸梭菌与婴儿肉毒中毒和早产儿坏死性小肠结肠炎有关，但已证明某些菌株作为益生菌是有益的。在水生动物中，丁酸梭菌的应用作为益生菌已被普遍考虑。在这篇综述中，我们描述并记录了我们对水生动物胃肠道中丁酸梭菌的分离，鉴定，表型和生化特性，安全性，致病性以及作用机理的了解。总结了丁酸梭菌在改善水生动物的生长性能，消化率，存活率，免疫应答，疾病抵抗力和肠道结构以及调节肠道共生菌群和代谢紊乱中所起的作用的证据。。尽管是益生菌丁酸梭菌已经在水产养殖中得到应用，还需要进一步的研究，例如益生菌与宿主免疫系统之间的相互关系，以及可能需要应用丁酸梭菌作为抗生素替代品来预防和治疗疾病。以便将来进行详细研究。