Herbicides act as human-mediated novel selective agents and community disruptors, yet their full effects on eco-evolutionary dynamics in natural communities have only begun to be appreciated. Here, we synthesize how herbicide exposures can result in dramatic phenotypic and compositional shifts within communities at the agro-ecological interface and how these in turn affect species interactions and drive plant (and plant-associates') evolution in ways that can feedback to continue to affect the ecology and ecosystem functions of these assemblages. We advocate a holistic approach to understanding these dynamics that includes plastic changes and plant community transformations and also extends beyond this single trophic level targeted by herbicides to the effects on nontarget plant-associated organisms and their potential to evolve, thereby embracing the complexity of these real-world systems. We make explicit recommendations for future research to achieve this goal and specifically address impacts of ecology on evolution, evolution on ecology and their feedbacks so that we can gain a more predictive view of the fates of herbicide-impacted communities.

中文翻译：

---

除草剂作为农业生态界面植物群落生态进化反馈的人为驱动因素

除草剂是人类介导的新型选择剂和群落破坏剂，但它们对自然群落生态进化动态的全面影响才刚刚开始受到重视。在这里，我们综合了除草剂暴露如何导致农业生态界面群落内的显着表型和组成变化，以及这些变化如何反过来影响物种相互作用并以可以反馈的方式推动植物（和植物相关）进化以继续影响这些组合的生态和生态系统功能。我们提倡采用整体方法来理解这些动态，包括塑料变化和植物群落转变，并超越除草剂针对的单一营养水平，对非目标植物相关生物的影响及其进化潜力，从而拥抱这些现实世界系统的复杂性。我们为未来的研究提出明确的建议以实现这一目标，并具体解决生态学对进化的影响、进化对生态学的影响及其反馈，以便我们对受除草剂影响的社区的命运有一个更具预测性的看法。