Holmium (Ho³⁺)‐doped TiO₂ solid laser active materials with different concentrations (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt%) of Ho³⁺ ions were prepared using a sol–gel method. A structural study of the samples using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the anatase phase of pure and doped TiO₂ calcined at 500°C, which is confirmed by (101), (004), (200), (105), (211), (204), (116), (220) and (215) diffraction peaks. XRD analysis showen a deformation along the c‐axis of the anatase lattice constant with doping, and a random change in the grain size of the doped titania with respect to pure samples. The presence of the titania bonds (Ti–O–Ti) and (Ti–O) of pure and Ho³⁺‐doped samples were confirmed from the FTIR spectroscopy study of the samples. In addition, it was noted that bands around 1338, and 1339 cm⁻¹ belonging to 3, 5, and 7 wt% dopant concentrations, while no band for 1 wt% was observed. UV‐Vis spectrophotometer and spectrofluorophotometer techniques were used to study the optical and spectroscopic characterizations of these samples. It was found that various fluorescence peaks for Ho³⁺ ions were observed in the UV–vis region under different pump wavelengths. This is a good indication of suitability of the material to be employed as a laser active medium.

中文翻译：

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使用溶胶-凝胶技术制备的Ho3 +掺杂的纳米二氧化钛基质的结构和光谱研究。

使用溶胶-凝胶法制备了concentrations （Ho ³⁺）掺杂的具有不同浓度（1、3、5、5和7 wt％）Ho ³⁺离子的TiO ₂固体激光活性材料。使用X射线衍射（XRD）对样品进行的结构研究表明，纯净掺杂的TiO ₂在500°C下煅烧的锐钛矿相得到了（101），（004），（200），（105）的证实， （211），（204），（116），（220）和（215）衍射峰。XRD分析表明，掺杂会导致锐钛矿晶格常数沿c轴发生变形，并且掺杂的二氧化钛相对于纯样品的晶粒尺寸会发生随机变化。纯和Ho ³⁺的二氧化钛键（Ti–O–Ti）和（Ti–O）的存在FTIR光谱研究证实了掺杂的样品。另外，注意到在1338和1339cm ^-1附近的带属于3、5和7wt％的掺杂剂浓度，而没有观察到1wt％的带。紫外可见分光光度计和荧光分光光度计技术用于研究这些样品的光学和光谱表征。发现在不同的泵浦波长下，在UV-vis区观察到了Ho ³⁺离子的各种荧光峰。这很好地表明了用作激光活性介质的材料的适用性。