On the basis of a review of existing life cycle assessment studies on lithium‐ion battery recycling, we parametrize process models of state‐of‐the‐art pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical recycling, enabling their application to different cell chemistries, including beyond‐lithium batteries such as sodium‐ion batteries. These processes are used as benchmark for evaluating an advanced hydrometallurgical recycling process, which is modeled on the basis of primary data obtained from a recycling company, quantifying the potential reduction of environmental impacts that can be achieved by the recycling of different cell chemistries. Depending on the cell chemistry, recycling can reduce significantly the potential environmental impacts of battery production. The highest benefit is obtained via advanced hydrometallurgical treatment for lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide and lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide‐type batteries, mainly because of the recovery of cobalt and nickel. Especially under resource depletion aspects, recycling of these cells can reduce their impact to an extent that even leads to a lower “net impact” than that of cells made from majorly abundant and cheap materials like lithium iron phosphate, which shows a more favorable performance when recycling is disregarded. For these cells, recycling does not necessarily provide benefits but can rather cause additional environmental impacts. This indicates that maximum material recovery might not always be favorable under environmental aspects and that, especially for the final hydrometallurgical treatment, the process would need to be adapted to the specific cell chemistry, if one wants to obtain maximum environmental benefit.

中文翻译：

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进行锂离子电池回收过程的电池化学特定生命周期评估

在对现有锂离子电池回收生命周期评估研究进行回顾的基础上，我们对最先进的火法冶金和湿法冶金回收的工艺模型进行参数化，使其能够应用于不同的电池化学，包括锂离子电池等作为钠离子电池。这些过程被用作评估先进的湿法冶金回收过程的基准，该过程基于从回收公司获得的主要数据进行建模，量化通过回收不同电池化学物质可实现的对环境影响的潜在降低。取决于电池的化学性质，回收可以显着降低电池生产对环境的潜在影响。通过对锂镍锰钴氧化物和锂镍钴铝氧化物类型的电池进行先进的湿法冶金处理，可以获得最大的收益，这主要是因为回收了钴和镍。尤其是在资源枯竭方面，这些电池的回收利用可以减少其影响，其程度甚至比由主要的廉价廉价材料（如磷酸铁锂）制成的电池产生更低的“净影响”，而当使用磷酸铁锂时，这种电池表现出更好的性能。回收被忽略。对于这些电池，回收并不一定能带来好处，反而会造成额外的环境影响。这表明在环境方面，最大程度的材料回收可能并不总是有利的，并且特别是对于最终的湿法冶金处理而言，