The use of bismuth‐based catalysts is promising for formate production by the electroreduction of CO₂ captured from waste streams. However, compared to the extensive research on catalysts, only a few studies have focused on electrochemical reactor performance. Hence, this work studied a continuous‐mode gas–liquid–solid reaction system for investigating CO₂ electroreduction to formate using Bi‐catalyst‐coated membrane electrodes as cathodes. The experimental setup was designed to analyze products obtained in both liquid and gas phases. The influence of relevant variables (e.g., temperature and input water flow) was analyzed, with the thickness of the liquid film formed over the cathode surface being a key parameter affecting system performance. Promising results, including a high formate concentration of 34 g/L with faradaic efficiency for formate of 72%, were achieved.

中文翻译：

---

气液固反应系统，无需使用辅助电解质即可将CO2电还原成甲酸

铋基催化剂的使用有望通过电还原从废液中捕集的CO ₂来产生甲酸。然而，与对催化剂的广泛研究相比，只有少数研究集中在电化学反应器性能上。因此，这项工作研究了用于研究CO ₂的连续模式气液固反应系统使用双催化剂涂层的膜电极作为阴极进行电还原以生成甲酸。设计该实验装置以分析在液相和气相中获得的产物。分析了相关变量（例如温度和输入水流量）的影响，其中在阴极表面上方形成的液膜厚度是影响系统性能的关键参数。获得了令人鼓舞的结果，包括高浓度的甲酸盐（34 g / L）和法拉第法的甲酸盐效率为72％。