Electro‐Optic Metasurfaces Based on Barium Titanate Nanoparticle Films,Advanced Optical Materials

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Electro‐Optic Metasurfaces Based on Barium Titanate Nanoparticle Films
Advanced Optical Materials ( IF 8.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-15 , DOI: 10.1002/adom.202000623
Artemios Karvounis ₁ , Viola V. Vogler‐Neuling ₁ , Felix U. Richter ₁ , Eric Dénervaud ₁ , Maria Timofeeva ₁ , Rachel Grange ₁

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Metal‐oxides are promising candidates to substitute silicon in intra‐chip optical interconnects, as they exhibit great electric field tuning capabilities. The development of crystal ion slicing of thin films from bulk crystals and the advances over epitaxial growth have allowed the integration of metal‐oxides on a single chip. In terms of performance, they possess strong electro‐optic response over broad bandwidths across near‐infrared. However, lattice and thermal expansion coefficient mismatch limits the compatibility with available substrates and other materials, while physical hardness makes high quality nanostructures difficult to implement. Here, a novel concept of electro‐optic (EO) switching is introduced: an adjacent BaTiO₃ nanoparticle film to a plasmonic metasurface provides reflection changes up to 0.15% under 4 V of control signal for modulation frequencies up to 20 MHz, in the near‐infrared. The nanoparticle films show EO coefficients (37.04 ± 25.6 pm V⁻¹) comparable to lithium niobate crystals, are deposited uniformly over large scale and on any type of substrate, while retain optical nonlinear properties (e.g. second‐harmonic generation). Photonic nanostructures such as metasurfaces incorporated with nanoparticle films can harness the multifunctional properties of metal‐oxides such as BaTiO₃ to form a new family of switchable nano‐devices across the entire visible to near‐infrared part of the spectrum.

中文翻译：

基于钛酸钡纳米粒子薄膜的电光超表面

由于金属氧化物具有强大的电场调节能力，因此有望在芯片内光学互连中替代硅。从块状晶体薄膜薄膜的晶体离子切片技术的发展以及外延生长的进步使得金属氧化物可以集成在单个芯片上。在性能方面，它们在近红外的宽带宽上具有强大的电光响应。但是，晶格和热膨胀系数的不匹配限制了与可用基材和其他材料的相容性，而物理硬度使得难以实现高质量的纳米结构。此处介绍了一种新颖的电光（EO）转换概念：相邻的BaTiO ₃在近红外中，对于高达20 MHz的调制频率，在等离子超表面上形成的纳米粒子膜可在4 V控制信号下提供高达0.15％的反射变化。纳米颗粒薄膜的EO系数（37.04±25.6 pm V ^-1）可与铌酸锂晶体相媲美，可以均匀地大规模沉积在任何类型的基材上，同时保留光学非线性特性（例如二次谐波产生）。光子纳米结构（例如与纳米粒子薄膜结合在一起的超颖表面）可以利用金属氧化物（如BaTiO _3）的多功能特性，在光谱的整个可见到近红外部分形成一个可切换的纳米器件新系列。

更新日期：2020-06-15

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