Graphene is known to have a strong nonlinear‐optical refractive response, both in free‐space setups and in waveguide configurations. This image illustrates nonlinearity‐induced spectral broadening of laser pulses propagating in a graphene‐covered waveguide. The propagating field E interacting with the graphene excites free carriers N_c which in turn yield a nonlinear refractive index change Δn_NL. The work described by Nathalie Vermeulen and co‐workers in article number 1900402 allows for this nonlinear response to be predicted.

中文翻译：

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非线性光学折射：预测石墨烯对传播脉冲的非线性光学折射响应（Laser Photonics Rev. 14（6）/ 2020）

已知石墨烯在自由空间设置和波导配置中都具有很强的非线性光学折射响应。该图像说明了非线性诱导的在石墨烯覆盖的波导中传播的激光脉冲的光谱展宽。与石墨烯相互作用的传播场E激发自由载流子N _c，从而产生非线性折射率变化Δn _NL。Nathalie Vermeulen及其同事在编号1900402中描述的工作可以预测这种非线性响应。