Scale-Free Biology: Integrating Evolutionary and Developmental Thinking.,BioEssays

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Scale-Free Biology: Integrating Evolutionary and Developmental Thinking.
BioEssays ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-14 , DOI: 10.1002/bies.201900228
Chris Fields ₁ , Michael Levin ₂

Affiliation

When the history of life on earth is viewed as a history of cell division, all of life becomes a single cell lineage. The growth and differentiation of this lineage in reciprocal interaction with its environment can be viewed as a developmental process; hence the evolution of life on earth can also be seen as the development of life on earth. Here, in reviewing this field, some potentially fruitful research directions suggested by this change in perspective are highlighted. Variation and selection become, for example, bidirectional information flows between scales, while the notions of “cooperation” and “competition” become scale relative. The language of communication, inference, and information processing becomes more useful than the language of causation to describe the interactions of both homogeneous and heterogeneous living systems at any scale. Emerging scale‐free theoretical frameworks such as predictive coding and active inference provide conceptual tools for reconceptualizing biology as the study of a unified, multiscale dynamical system.

中文翻译：

无标度生物学：整合进化和发展思维。

当地球上的生命史被视为细胞分裂的历史时，所有生命都成为一个单一的细胞谱系。这个谱系在与其环境相互作用的过程中的成长和分化可以被视为一个发展过程；因此地球上生命的进化也可以看作是地球上生命的发展。在这里，在回顾这一领域时，重点介绍了这种观点变化所建议的一些可能富有成效的研究方向。例如，变异和选择变成了尺度之间的双向信息流动，而“合作”和“竞争”的概念变成了尺度相关的。交流、推理的语言，信息处理变得比因果关系语言更有用，可以描述任何规模的同质和异质生命系统的相互作用。新兴的无标度理论框架，如预测编码和主动推理，为将生物学重新概念化为统一的多尺度动力系统研究提供了概念工具。

更新日期：2020-07-29

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