The article presents the research results of supercritical water (SCW) gasification and oxidation of watered waste of pulp and paper manufacturing (sludge-lignin), aimed at solving the problem of its environmentally friendly utilization. The experiments were performed at continuous counter-feed of sludge-lignin (without and with the addition of Na₂CO₃) and SCW or SCW/O₂ fluid under temperature gradient along the axis of a vertically arranged reactor (425 °C at the top, and 600 °C at the bottom) at a pressure of 30 MPa. To get the temperature dependencies of the yield of the product, sludge-lignin gasification was also carried out by pumping water vapor and SCW through its bed at the uniform (1.5 °C/min) heating of the reactor up to 650 °C. In SCW gasification products, along with H₂, CO, CO₂, and hydrocarbons, toxic S-, Cl-, N-, and O-containing substances were detected. The yield of volatile hydrocarbons and heteroatomic substances during SCW gasification in counter-current flows was greater than at pumping SCW through a sludge-lignin bed. It was revealed that the addition of Na₂CO₃ to the sludge-lignin at the counter-feed of SCW leads to an increase in the yield of combustible gases, as well as to a decrease in the yield of CO, phenols, and carbonized residue. The addition of Na₂CO₃ to the sludge-lignin intensifies the oxidation of its organic components in SCW/O₂ fluid. It was established that the bulk of hydrochloric and sulfuric acids resulted from the oxidation of Cl- and S-containing organic components of sludge-lignin in SCW/O₂ fluid are neutralized by sodium carbonate with the formation of NaCl and Na₄(CO₃)_0.61(SO₄)_1.39, respectively.

本文介绍了超临界水（SCW）气化和氧化制浆造纸工业废水（污泥-木质素）的研究成果，旨在解决其环保利用的问题。实验是在污泥-木质素（不添加Na ₂ CO ₃）和SCW或SCW / O _2的连续补充进料下进行的流体在30 MPa的压力下沿垂直排列的反应器的轴（顶部425°C，底部600°C）的轴向温度梯度变化。为了获得产物产率的温度依赖性，还通过将水蒸气和SCW通过其床以均匀（1.5℃/ min）加热反应器至650℃的温度泵送通过其床来进行污泥-木质素气化。在SCW气化产品中，检测到H ₂，CO，CO ₂和碳氢化合物以及有毒的S，Cl，N和O物质。在SCW气化过程中，逆流气流中挥发性碳氢化合物和杂原子物质的产量要大于通过污泥-木质素床泵送SCW的产量。发现添加了Na ₂ CO ₃在SCW的逆向进料中向污泥-木质素中加入碳会导致可燃气体收率的增加，以及CO，苯酚和碳化残渣的收率的降低。向污泥-木质素中添加Na ₂ CO ₃会增强SCW / O ₂流体中其有机成分的氧化。已确定，由碳酸钠中和了SCW / O ₂流体中污泥木质素中含Cl和S的有机成分的氧化所产生的大量盐酸和硫酸，并形成了NaCl和Na ₄（CO ₃）_0.61（SO ₄）_1.39。