Human–robot collaboration is a main technology of Industry 4.0 and is currently changing the shop floor of manufacturing companies. Collaborative robots are innovative industrial technologies introduced to help operators to perform manual activities in so called cyber-physical production systems and combine human inimitable abilities with smart machines strengths. Occupational health and safety criteria are of crucial importance in the implementation of collaborative robotics. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the state of the art for the design of safe and ergonomic collaborative robotic workcells. Emerging research fields beyond the state of the art are also of special interest. To achieve this goal this paper uses a systematic literature review methodology to review recent technical scientific bibliography and to identify current and future research fields. Main research themes addressed in the recent scientific literature regarding safety and ergonomics (or human factors) for industrial collaborative robotics were identified and categorized. The emerging research challenges and research fields were identified and analyzed based on the development of publications over time (annual growth).

人机协作是工业4.0的一项主要技术，目前正在改变制造公司的车间。协作机器人是创新的工业技术，旨在帮助操作员在所谓的网络物理生产系统中执行手动活动，并将人类独特的能力与智能机器的优势相结合。职业健康和安全标准对于实施协作机器人至关重要。因此，有必要评估设计安全和符合人体工程学的协作机器人工作单元的最新技术。超越现有技术水平的新兴研究领域也引起了特别关注。为了实现这个目标，本文使用系统的文献综述方法来回顾最近的技术科学书目并确定当前和未来的研究领域。最近的科学文献中针对工业协作机器人的安全性和人体工程学（或人为因素）的主要研究主题已被识别和分类。根据出版物随时间的发展（年度增长），确定并分析了新兴的研究挑战和研究领域。