Bacterial cellulose (BC) sponges are valuable materials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to their biocompatibility and nano-sized fibrous network with interconnected open porosity. However, their instability in physiological environment and poor mechanical properties are the main issues that need to be solved in order to obtain appropriate three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue formation. In this work, a bacterial polyester, poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and a simple impregnation method were used to improve the properties of BC sponges for biomedical application. Highly hydrophilic BC was surface functionalized by amination (BCA) to improve its affinity to PHBV. PHBV uptake in BC and BCA sponges depended on the PHBV concentration and was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and by the increase in density after impregnation. SEM investigation showed that PHBV was deposited on the BC nanofibrous network, in some conditions forming a tridimensional honeycomb ordered structure with uniform micrometer pores. Thermogravimetric and kinetic analyses showed a delay in the thermal degradation for the BCA nanocomposites sponges compared to the BC ones and an increase in the activation energy of degradation compared to neat PHBV. Better compression strength was obtained for BCA/PHBV nanocomposite sponges due to the increased interactions between the polymer and the aminated cellulose substrate. Swelling tests showed that BC and BCA sponges did not resist and completely disintegrated in 90 min of incubation in phosphate-buffered saline, but a good stability in this simulated physiological environment was obtained after impregnation with PHBV. The swelling degree varied between 1200% and 2400% for BC/PHBV and between 700% and 1200% for BCA/PHBV sponges, which are high enough to allow the diffusion of water and the transport of nutrients. Therefore, these easily obtained BC/PHBV and BCA/PHBV nanocomposite sponges, with improved properties, could be a promising option for tissue engineering scaffolds.

细菌纤维素（BC）海绵由于具有生物相容性和具有相互连通的开孔性的纳米级纤维网，因此是用于组织工程和再生医学的有价值的材料。然而，它们在生理环境中的不稳定性和差的机械性能是需要获得的主要问题，以获得用于组织形成的合适的三维支架。在这项工作中，细菌聚酯，聚（3-羟基丁酸酯-co-3-羟基戊酸酯）（PHBV）和简单的浸渍方法被用于改善生物医学应用的BC海绵的性能。高度亲水的BC通过胺化（BCA）进行表面功能化，以提高其对PHBV的亲和力。BC和BCA海绵中的PHBV吸收取决于PHBV浓度，并通过傅立叶变换红外光谱法和浸渍后密度的增加得到证实。SEM研究表明，PHBV沉积在BC纳米纤维网络上，在某些条件下形成具有均匀微米孔的三维蜂窝有序结构。热重和动力学分析表明，与BC相比，BCA纳米复合海绵的热降解有所延迟，与纯PHBV相比，降解的活化能有所增加。由于聚合物和胺化纤维素底物之间相互作用的增加，BCA / PHBV纳米复合海绵获得了更好的压缩强度。溶胀试验表明，在磷酸盐缓冲液中孵育90分钟后，BC和BCA海绵没有抵抗力并完全崩解，但是在用PHBV浸渍后，在这种模拟的生理环境中具有良好的稳定性。BC / PHBV的溶胀度在1200％和2400％之间，而BCA / PHBV海绵的溶胀度在700％和1200％之间，其高到足以允许水扩散和营养物质的运输。因此，这些易于获得的BC / PHBV和BCA / PHBV纳米复合海绵具有改进的性能，可能是组织工程支架的有前途的选择。BC / PHBV的溶胀度在1200％和2400％之间，而BCA / PHBV海绵的溶胀度在700％和1200％之间，其高到足以允许水扩散和营养物质的运输。因此，这些易于获得的BC / PHBV和BCA / PHBV纳米复合海绵具有改进的性能，可能是组织工程支架的有前途的选择。BC / PHBV的溶胀度在1200％和2400％之间，而BCA / PHBV海绵的溶胀度在700％和1200％之间，其高到足以允许水扩散和营养物质的运输。因此，这些易于获得的BC / PHBV和BCA / PHBV纳米复合海绵具有改进的性能，可能是组织工程支架的有前途的选择。