This study presents a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of temporal processing in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and developmental dyslexia (DD), two neurodevelopmental disorders in which temporal processing deficits have been highly researched. The results provide strong evidence for impairments in temporal processing in both ASD (g = 0.48) and DD (g = 0.82), as measured by judgments of temporal order and simultaneity. In individual analyses, multisensory temporal processing was impaired for both ASD and DD, and unisensory auditory, visual and tactile processing were all impaired in DD. In ASD, speech stimuli showed moderate impairment effect sizes, whereas nonspeech stimuli showed small effects. Greater reading and spelling skills in DD were associated with greater temporal precision. Temporal deficits did not show changes with age in either disorder. In addition to more clearly defining temporal impairments in ASD and DD, the results highlight common and distinct patterns of temporal processing between these disorders. Deficits are discussed in relation to existing theoretical models, and recommendations are made for future research.

这项研究提出了对自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和发育性阅读障碍（DD）的时间加工的全面系统回顾和荟萃分析，这两种神经发育障碍对时间加工缺陷进行了深入研究。根据时间顺序和同时性的判断，结果为ASD（g = 0.48）和DD（g = 0.82）的时间处理损伤提供了有力证据。在单独的分析中，ASD和DD均会损害多感官时相处理，而DD会损害单感性听觉，视觉和触觉处理。在ASD中，语音刺激显示出中等程度的损伤效应，而非语音刺激则显示出较小的效应。DD中更高的阅读和拼写技能与更高的时间精度相关。在这两种疾病中，时间缺陷均未随年龄变化。除了更清楚地定义ASD和DD的时间障碍外，研究结果还强调了这些疾病之间时间处理的共同而独特的模式。讨论了与现有理论模型有关的缺陷，并为以后的研究提出了建议。