The gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus) is a valuable model in research on age-related proteopathies. This nonhuman primate, comparable to humans, naturally develops tau and amyloid-β proteopathies during aging. Whether these are linked to cognitive alterations is unknown. Here, standardized cognitive testing in pairwise discrimination and reversal learning in a sample of 37 aged (>5 years) subjects was combined with tau and amyloid-β histochemistry in individuals that died naturally. Correlation analyses in successfully tested subjects (n = 22) revealed a significant relation between object discrimination learning and age, strongly influenced by outliers, suggesting pathological cases. Where neuroimmunohistochemistry was possible, as subjects deceased, the naturally developed cortical amyloid-β burden was significantly linked to pretraining success (intraneuronal accumulations) and discrimination learning (extracellular deposits), showing that cognitive (pairwise discrimination) performance in old age predicts the natural accumulation of amyloid-β at death. This is the first description of a direct relation between the cortical amyloid-β burden and cognition in a nonhuman primate.

中文翻译：

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将认知与年龄和非人类灵长类动物 (Microcebus murinus) 大脑中的淀粉样蛋白负荷联系起来

灰鼠狐猴 (Microcebus murinus) 是研究与年龄相关的蛋白病的宝贵模型。这种与人类相当的非人类灵长类动物，在衰老过程中自然会产生 tau 蛋白和淀粉样蛋白 β 蛋白病。这些是否与认知改变有关尚不清楚。在这里，对 37 名年龄（> 5 岁）受试者样本中成对歧视和逆转学习的标准化认知测试与自然死亡个体的 tau 和淀粉样蛋白 β 组织化学相结合。成功测试的受试者 (n = 22) 的相关分析揭示了对象辨别学习和年龄之间的显着关系，受异常值的强烈影响，表明是病理性病例。在可能进行神经免疫组织化学的地方，当受试者死亡时，自然发展的皮质淀粉样蛋白 β 负荷与训练前的成功（神经元内积累）和辨别学习（细胞外沉积）显着相关，表明老年时的认知（成对辨别）表现预测了死亡时淀粉样蛋白 β 的自然积累。这是对非人类灵长类动物的皮质淀粉样蛋白 β 负荷与认知之间直接关系的首次描述。