Abstract Using Sargassum as the precursor, a facile strategy was developed to synthesize three-dimensional porous carbons with mesoporous channels as high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors employing aqueous ammonia pretreatment and KOH activation. Part of lignin was removed by the pretreatment of aqueous ammonia, which led to the swelling of biomass structure and the formation of unique mesoporous channels during the activation process. After being pretreated by 10 wt% aqueous ammonia, the specific surface area of the as-synthesized SAC-N10 reached as high as 3251.42 m2 g−1 with many mesoporous channels. Based on the unique structure, SAC-N10 exhibited excellent electrochemical performance with a high capacitance of 336 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and a good rate capacity of 82% retention at 10 A g−1 in a two-electrode system using 6 M KOH as the electrolyte. After being tested for 10,000 cycles at a current density of 5 A g−1, SAC-N10 retained 85.0% of the initial specific capacitance. The SAC-N10 also showed a high energy density of 44.42 W h kg−1 and a power density of 2441.25 W kg−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1 in the voltage range of 0–1 V.

中文翻译：

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来自马尾藻的具有介孔通道的多孔碳材料作为超级电容器电极材料的合成

摘要 以马尾藻为前驱体，开发了一种简便的策略来合成具有介孔通道的三维多孔碳作为采用氨水预处理和 KOH 活化的超级电容器的高性能电极材料。部分木质素被氨水预处理去除，导致生物质结构膨胀，在活化过程中形成独特的介孔通道。经 10 wt% 氨水预处理后，合成的 SAC-N10 的比表面积高达 3251.42 m2 g-1，具有许多介孔通道。基于独特的结构，SAC-N10 表现出优异的电化学性能，在 1 A g-1 时具有 336 F g-1 的高电容和在使用 6 M KOH 作为双电极系统中在 10 A g-1 时保持 82% 的良好倍率容量电解质。在 5 A g-1 的电流密度下测试 10,000 次循环后，SAC-N10 保留了 85.0% 的初始比电容。SAC-N10 在 1 A g-1 的电流密度和 0-1 V 的电压范围内还表现出 44.42 W h kg-1 的高能量密度和 2441.25 W kg-1 的功率密度。