Biosensing platforms for detecting and quantifying biomarkers have played an important role in the past decade. Among them, platforms based on magnetoresistance (MR) sensing technology are attractive. The resistance value of the material changes with the externally applied magnetic field is the core mechanism of MR sensing technology. A typical MR-based sensor has the characteristics of cost-effective, simple operation, high compactness, and high sensitivity. Moreover, using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as labels, MR-based sensors have the ability to overcome the high background noise of complex samples, so they are particularly suitable for point-of-care testing (POCT). However, the problem still exists. How to obtain high-throughput, that is, multiple detections of biomarkers in MR-based sensors, thereby improving detection efficiency and reducing the burden on patients is an important issue in future work. This paper reviews three MR-based detection technologies for the detection of biomarkers, i.e., anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR), giant magnetoresistance (GMR), and tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR). Based on these three common technologies, different typical applications that include biomedical diagnosis, food safety, and environmental monitoring are presented. Furthermore, the existing MR-based detection method is better expanded to make it more in line with present detection needs by combining different advanced technologies including microfluidics, Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), and Immunochromatographic test strips (ICTS). And then, a brief discussion of current challenges and perspectives of MR-based sensors are pointed out.

在过去十年中，用于检测和定量生物标志物的生物传感平台发挥了重要作用。其中，基于磁阻（MR）传感技术的平台很有吸引力。材料的电阻值随外部施加的磁场而变化是MR传感技术的核心机制。典型的基于MR的传感器具有经济高效，操作简单，紧凑性高和灵敏度高的特点。此外，使用磁性纳米颗粒（MNP）作为标记，基于MR的传感器具有克服复杂样品的高本底噪声的能力，因此它们特别适用于即时检验（POCT）。但是，问题仍然存在。如何获得高通量，即在基于MR的传感器中对生物标志物进行多次检测，从而提高检测效率，减轻患者负担，是今后工作中的重要课题。本文综述了三种基于MR的生物标志物检测技术，即各向异性磁阻（AMR），巨磁阻（GMR）和隧穿磁阻（TMR）。基于这三种常用技术，介绍了不同的典型应用，包括生物医学诊断，食品安全和环境监测。此外，通过结合不同的先进技术，包括微流体技术，微机电系统（MEMS）和免疫色谱测试条（ICTS），可以更好地扩展现有的基于MR的检测方法，使其更符合当前的检测需求。然后，