The presence of toxic pollutants such as dyes and metal ions at higher concentrations in water is very harmful to the environment. Removal of these pollutants using diatomaceous earth or diatomite (DE) and surface-modified DE has been extensively explored due to their excellent physio-chemical properties and low cost. Therefore, naturally available DE being inexpensive, their surface modified adsorbents could be one of the potential candidates for the wastewater treatment in the future. In this context, the current review has been summarized for the removal of both pollutants i.e., dyes and metal ions by surface-modified DE using the facile adsorption process. In addition, this review is prominently focused on the various modification process of DE, their cost-effectiveness; the physio-chemical characteristics and their maximum adsorption capacity. Further, real-time scenarios of reported adsorbents were tabulated based on the cost of the process along with the adsorption capacity of these adsorbents.

水中较高浓度的有毒污染物（例如染料和金属离子）的存在对环境非常有害。由于硅藻土或硅藻土（DE）的优异的理化性质和低成本，已广泛地研究了使用硅藻土或硅藻土（DE）和表面改性的DE去除这些污染物的方法。因此，天然可得的DE价格便宜，其表面改性的吸附剂可能会成为未来废水处理的潜在候选者之一。在这种情况下，目前的综述是关于通过使用容易的吸附方法通过表面改性的DE去除污染物即染料和金属离子的综述。此外，本次审查主要着重于DE的各种修改过程及其成本效益。理化特性及其最大吸附能力。