Improving irrigation efficiency on farms is crucial in securing a sustainable future for irrigators as well as the environment, especially in water scarce regions such as Australia. More efficient irrigation designs are increasingly being investigated using irrigation simulation models but there is a dearth of readily available two-dimensional (2D) models for investigating surface water flow within irrigation bays. This paper adapted the 2D ANUGA open source model to simulate border and basin irrigation by incorporating an infiltration algorithm based on the modified Kostiakov equation. The algorithm was successfully incorporated in ANUGA and the adapted model, ANUGA_MK, was tested using eight border and two basin irrigation events. ANUGA_MK performance was benchmarked against the one-dimensional (1D) SISCO irrigation model for border irrigation events, against the 2D B2D basin irrigation model for basin irrigation events and against observed data. ANUGA_MK adequately simulated surface water advance and depth. SISCO’s total infiltration was comparable to that of ANUGA_MK, but its spatio-temporal dynamics differed due to differences in representation of microtopography. For example, the 1D SISCO model did not account for surface depression water storage remaining long after cessation of runoff. Performance of ANUGA_MK was similar to that of B2D in simulating basin irrigation. ANUGA can represent surface water flow on complex surfaces with diverse boundary conditions, and with an appropriate infiltration algorithm, has been adapted as a surface irrigation model that can be used to investigate bay surfaces engineered to improve surface drainage.

中文翻译：

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在二维 ANUGA 模型中加入渗透以进行地表灌溉模拟

提高农场的灌溉效率对于确保灌溉者和环境的可持续未来至关重要，尤其是在澳大利亚等缺水地区。越来越多地使用灌溉模拟模型来研究更有效的灌溉设计，但缺乏现成的二维 (2D) 模型来研究灌溉湾内的地表水流。本文采用基于改进的 Kostiakov 方程的渗透算法，采用 2D ANUGA 开源模型来模拟边界和盆地灌溉。该算法成功地纳入了 ANUGA，并且使用八个边界和两个盆地灌溉事件测试了适应模型 ANUGA_MK。ANUGA_MK 性能以边界灌溉事件的一维 (1D) SISCO 灌溉模型、盆地灌溉事件的二维 B2D 盆地灌溉模型和观测数据为基准。ANUGA_MK 充分模拟了地表水的前进和深度。SISCO 的总渗透率与 ANUGA_MK 的渗透率相当，但其时空动态因微地形表示的差异而有所不同。例如，一维 SISCO 模型没有考虑径流停止后长时间保持的地表洼地蓄水量。ANUGA_MK 在模拟流域灌溉方面的性能与 B2D 相似。ANUGA 可以表示具有不同边界条件的复杂表面上的地表水流，并使用适当的下渗算法，