We present a full description and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of a Pacific Ocean specimen of the coconut crab Birgus latro (Linnaeus, 1767), the largest extant terrestrial arthropod in the world. Our de novo-assembled mitogenome has a massive 16,161 times organelle read coverage, a length of 16,411 bp, contains 22 tDNAs (20 unique), 13 protein-coding genes, two rDNAs, and a putative control region of length 1,381 bp. The control region contains three microsatellites and two pairs of inverted repeats. Contrary to the mitochondrial sentinel gene concept, two-dimensional nucleotide analysis reveals higher GC-content in cox gene families than in nadh gene families. Moreover, cox gene families are more conserved than nadh gene families among the species of Coenobitidae selected for comparison. Secondary structure prediction of the 22 tDNAs shows major deviations from the cloverleaf pattern, which points to a relatively high rate of mutation in these genes. We also present a repertoire of mitochondrial variation between our male Okinawan coconut crab and an Indian Ocean specimen that consists of one insertion, one deletion, 135 SNPs, three MNPs and nine complex polymorphisms. We provide confirmatory evidence that the superfamily Paguroidea, to which the coconut crab belongs, is polyphyletic, that all the protein-coding genes of B. latro are under purifying selection, and that a Pacific versus Indian Ocean coconut crab population divergence occurred during the Pleistocene.

中文翻译：

---

来自日本冲绳的椰子蟹Birgus latro（Linnaeus，1767）（十足目：Anomura：Coenobitidae）的完整线粒体基因组的表征

我们提出了一个完整的描述和分析的椰子蟹Birgus latro（Linnaeus，1767年），是世界上现存最大的陆生节肢动物。我们从头开始组装的有丝分裂基因组具有16161倍的大量细胞器读取覆盖范围，长度为16,411 bp，包含22个tDNA（20个独特），13个蛋白质编码基因，两个rDNA和一个假定的控制区，长度为1,381 bp。对照区包含三个微卫星和两对反向重复序列。与线粒体前哨基因概念相反，二维核苷酸分析显示，cox基因家族比nadh基因家族的GC含量更高。此外，在被选作比较的Coenobitidae物种中，cox基因家族比nadh基因家族更为保守。对22种tDNA的二级结构预测表明，其与苜蓿叶形图案存在较大差异，这表明这些基因的突变率较高。我们还介绍了我们的冲绳雄性蟹和印度洋标本之间的线粒体变异库，该标本由一个插入，一个缺失，135个SNP，三个MNP和九个复杂多态性组成。我们提供了证实性证据，表明椰子蟹所属的超家族Paguroidea具有多系性，该蛋白的所有蛋白质编码基因B. latro正在净化选择中，并且在更新世期间发生了太平洋与印度洋椰子蟹种群的差异。