The industrialization of the agricultural sector has significantly increased the use of chemicals such as pesticides. Therefore, exposure to them is unavoidable, which makes it necessary to assess their safety for humans at actual exposure doses. This paper aims to determine toxicity of three types of pesticides toward human immune cells (HL-60 and U-937): glyphosate (GLY), deltamethrin (DEL), and chlorothalonil (CHL). Cell viability, membrane integrity, inflammation induction, and antioxidant activity were evaluated to determine differences in cellular response to the tested plant protection agents. In experimental models, all tested substances caused increased mortality of cells after only 24 h. Cell membrane damage was recorded under DEL and CHL influences. The largest disintegration of the cell membrane was due to the action of 100 μg/mL DEL for U-937 and CHL at 1 μg/mL for HL-60. GLY at a concentration of 3,600 μg/mL caused significant peroxidation of U-937 cells’ lipids. CHL-induced inflammation in both types of cells tested. DEL and GLY also induced antioxidant activity in cells. These results lead to the conclusion that the tested pesticides act cytotoxically to the cells of the human immune system in doses to which both farmers and consumers are exposed.

农业部门的工业化显着增加了农药等化学品的使用。因此，接触它们是不可避免的，这使得有必要评估它们在实际接触剂量下对人类的安全性。本文旨在确定三种农药对人体免疫细胞（HL-60 和 U-937）的毒性：草甘膦 (GLY)、溴氰菊酯 (DEL) 和百菌清 (CHL)。评估细胞活力、膜完整性、炎症诱导和抗氧化活性，以确定细胞对测试植物保护剂反应的差异。在实验模型中，所有测试物质仅在 24 小时后就导致细胞死亡率增加。在 DEL 和 CHL 影响下记录细胞膜损伤。细胞膜最大的崩解是由于 U-937 的 100 μg/mL DEL 和 HL-60 的 1 μg/mL CHL 的作用。浓度为 3,600 μg/mL 的 GLY 引起 U-937 细胞脂质显着过氧化。 CHL 在两种测试的细胞中诱导炎症。 DEL 和 GLY 还诱导细胞中的抗氧化活性。这些结果得出的结论是，农民和消费者接触的剂量下，所测试的农药会对人体免疫系统的细胞产生细胞毒性作用。