Abstract Do consumers become stingy tippers in inclement weather? Prior literature suggests that such weather induces negative moods, which in turn leads to stingy tipping. In this paper, on the basis of New York City taxi tipping data merged with corresponding real-time weather data, we provide different perspectives on weather-induced mood effects that take into account ambient environments provided by indoor services under inclement weather. In addition, we show that reciprocity effects triggered by taxi drivers’ extra efforts in rainy or snowy weather conditions contribute to eliciting generous taxi tipping. In our investigation, precipitation and whether extreme temperature conditions are present or not are analysed after controlling for speed, fare amount for a trip, borough, taxi vendor company, and driver fixed effects. The implications are discussed in relation to weather-driven reciprocity effects and relativism of weather-driven mood effects on generosity.

中文翻译：

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恶劣天气与出租车小费关系的大规模数据调查

摘要 消费者在恶劣天气下会成为吝啬的小费吗？先前的文献表明，这种天气会导致消极情绪，进而导致小气小费。在本文中，在纽约市出租车小费数据与相应的实时天气数据合并的基础上，我们提供了不同视角的天气诱导情绪效应，这些影响考虑了恶劣天气下室内服务提供的环境环境的影响。 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 此外，我们表明，出租车司机在雨天或下雪天气条件下的额外努力引发的互惠效应有助于引发慷慨的出租车小费。在我们的调查中，在控制速度、行程费用、自治市镇、出租车供应商公司和司机固定效应后，分析了降水以及是否存在极端温度条件。