Abstract Mechanical properties of biomaterials play an important role in their biological performance. Among the most important parameters in designing of biomaterials, their structure and conformation strongly affect their mechanical properties as well as cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Silk fibroin (SF), extracted from Bombyx mori cocoons, has attracted a lot of scientific interest in the past years as a natural biomaterial due to its exceptional host tissues response, appropriate mechanical properties, tunable degradation, simple processing method and low cost. The formation of β-sheets in the structure of SF enhances its mechanical properties. In recent years, several studies have focused on tuning the mechanical properties of SF for biomedical applications by inducing the formation of β-sheets. Some treatment methods have been introduced to alter SF structure and improve its mechanical properties. Chemical, physical and enzymatic crosslinking, water and alcoholic treatments and irradiations have been recommended as methods to inducing β-sheets conformation in SF structure. Several studies have developed these methods by adding suitable components and changing the concentration, temperature, humidity, pH, and various other parameters. In this review, we focus on the treatment methods, which result in the conformational transition of SF and tuning its mechanical properties.

中文翻译：

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调整丝素蛋白水凝胶的构象和机械性能

摘要 生物材料的力学性能对其生物学性能起着重要作用。在生物材料设计中最重要的参数中，它们的结构和构象强烈影响它们的机械性能以及细胞粘附、增殖和分化。从家蚕茧中提取的丝素蛋白 (SF) 作为一种天然生物材料，在过去几年中引起了很多科学兴趣，因为它具有出色的宿主组织反应、适当的机械性能、可调节的降解、加工方法简单和成本低。SF结构中β-折叠的形成增强了其机械性能。近年来，一些研究集中在通过诱导 β-折叠的形成来调整 SF 的机械性能以用于生物医学应用。已经引入了一些处理方法来改变SF结构并改善其机械性能。化学、物理和酶促交联、水和酒精处理和辐射已被推荐作为诱导 SF 结构中 β-折叠构象的方法。一些研究已经通过添加合适的成分并改变浓度、温度、湿度、pH 值和各种其他参数来开发这些方法。在这篇综述中，我们关注导致 SF 的构象转变和调整其机械性能的处理方法。一些研究已经通过添加合适的成分并改变浓度、温度、湿度、pH 值和各种其他参数来开发这些方法。在这篇综述中，我们关注导致 SF 的构象转变和调整其机械性能的处理方法。一些研究已经通过添加合适的成分并改变浓度、温度、湿度、pH 值和各种其他参数来开发这些方法。在这篇综述中，我们关注导致 SF 的构象转变和调整其机械性能的处理方法。