In this paper, energy efficiency (EE) of the frequency division duplexing (FDD) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems in the downlink transmission is investigated by considering the channel aging effect. First, we present a model for channel aging in the FDD massive MIMO systems and study its effect on the EE of the system. We assume that the channel aging exists in the entire transmission frame of the FDD systems which includes both pilot and data transmission phases. Then, we propose methods for compensating for this effect and increasing the EE. These methods include channel prediction method in the pilot transmission phase, system’s parameters optimization for maximizing the EE and a hybrid method. By numerical simulations, we compare the performance of the proposed methods and their abilities to combat the channel aging effect in the massive MIMO systems and EE improvement.

在本文中，通过考虑信道老化效应，研究了频分双工（FDD）大规模多输入多输出（MIMO）系统在下行链路传输中的能效（EE）。首先，我们提出了FDD大规模MIMO系统中的信道老化模型，并研究了其对系统EE的影响。我们假设信道老化存在于FDD系统的整个传输帧中，包括导频和数据传输阶段。然后，我们提出了补偿这种影响并增加EE的方法。这些方法包括导频传输阶段的信道预测方法，最大化EE的系统参数优化以及混合方法。通过数值模拟