The existence of gender disparities in academia is well documented. Many explanations have been proposed and productivity is one of the most used variables to explain a possible correlation between gender and differences in academic rank or leadership positions. The literature on the existence of a productivity gender gap is inconclusive which may due to the variety of study designs. This article presents the results of a longitudinal bibliometric study of health science researchers controlling for sub-disciplinary affiliation, education, year of enrollment and age. The productivity and impact of the researchers are analyzed during a 16-year period. We find no or little difference in productivity or impact among the group of health sciences researchers from the time of enrollment in the Ph.D. program and 10 years beyond, and women outperform men in some cases. There are negligible differences in productivity and impact prior to enrollment. The implications of the findings are discussed.

中文翻译：

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科学表现中的性别差距：健康科学研究人员的纵向匹配研究

学术界性别差异的存在是有据可查的。已经提出了许多解释，生产力是解释性别与学术等级或领导职位差异之间可能相关性的最常用变量之一。关于生产力性别差距存在的文献尚无定论，这可能是由于研究设计的多样性。本文介绍了控制子学科从属关系、教育、入学年份和年龄的健康科学研究人员的纵向文献计量研究结果。在 16 年的时间里分析了研究人员的生产力和影响。我们发现，从攻读博士学位开始，健康科学研究人员群体在生产力或影响方面没有或几乎没有差异。计划和 10 年后，在某些情况下，女性的表现优于男性。入学前在生产力和影响方面的差异可以忽略不计。讨论了研究结果的影响。