We perform experimental quantum polarimetry using a heralded single photon to analyze the optical activity of linearly polarized light traversing a chiral medium. Three kinds of estimators are considered to estimate the concentrations of sucrose solutions from measuring the rotation angle of the linear polarization of the output photons. Through repetition of independent and identical measurements performed for each individual scheme and different concentration sucrose solutions, we compare the estimation uncertainty among the three schemes. The results are also compared to classical benchmarks for which a coherent state of light is taken into account. The quantum enhancement in the estimation uncertainty is evaluated and the impact of experimental and technical imperfections is discussed. In this work, we lay out a route for future applications relying on quantum polarimetry.

中文翻译：

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使用预兆单光子的实验量子偏振法

我们使用预兆单光子进行实验量子偏振，以分析穿过手性介质的线性偏振光的光学活动。三种估计器被认为是通过测量输出光子的线性偏振的旋转角来估计蔗糖溶液的浓度。通过对每个单独的方案和不同浓度的蔗糖溶液重复进行独立和相同的测量，我们比较了三种方案之间的估计不确定性。结果还与考虑了相干光状态的经典基准进行了比较。评估了估计不确定性中的量子增强，并讨论了实验和技术缺陷的影响。在这项工作中，