Application of the Sea Urchin Embryo Test in Toxicity Evaluation and Effect-Directed Analysis of Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents.,Environmental Science & Technology

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Application of the Sea Urchin Embryo Test in Toxicity Evaluation and Effect-Directed Analysis of Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents.
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-11 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c01504
Leire Mijangos _{1,

2} , Martin Krauss ₃ , Laura de Miguel _{2,

4} , Haizea Ziarrusta _{1,

2} , Maitane Olivares _{1,

2} , Olatz Zuloaga _{1,

2} , Urtzi Izagirre _{2,

4} , Tobias Schulze ₃ , Werner Brack _{3,

5} , Ailette Prieto _{1,

2} , Nestor Etxebarria _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Sea urchin embryo assay was used to assess general toxicity at four wastewater treatment plant effluents of Biscay (Gorliz, Mungia, Gernika, and Galindo), and within the tested range, all the extracts showed embryo growth inhibition and skeleton malformation activities with EC₅₀ values, in relative enrichment factor units, between 1.1–16.8 and 1.1–8.8, respectively. To identify the causative compounds, effect-directed analysis was successfully applied for the first time using a sea urchin embryo test to the secondary treatment of the Galindo effluent. To this end, two subsequent fractionation steps were performed using C18 (21 fractions) and aminopropyl columns (15 fractions). By this fractionation, the number of features detected by LC–HRMS in the raw sample was drastically reduced from 1500 to 9, and among them, two pesticides (mexacarbate, 17 ng/L, and fenpropidin, 23 ng/L), two antidepressants (amitriptyline, 304 ng/L, and paroxetine, 26 ng/L), and two anthelmintic agents (mebendazole, 65 ng/L, and albendazole, 48 ng/L) could be identified in the two toxic fractions. The artificial mixture of the identified six compounds could explain 79% of the observed effect, with albendazole and paroxetine as the predominant contributors (49% and 49%, respectively) affecting the sea urchin embryogenesis activity.

中文翻译：

海胆胚胎试验在污水处理厂废水毒性评估和效果分析中的应用。

使用海胆胚胎测定法评估比斯开湾的四种污水处理厂废水（Gorliz，Mungia，Gernika和Galindo）的一般毒性，在测试范围内，所有提取物均显示出EC ₅₀抑制胚胎生长和骨骼畸形的活性。相对富集因子单位的取值分别在1.1-16.8和1.1-8.8之间。为了鉴定出致病性化合物，使用海胆胚胎测试成功地将效果导向分析首次应用于加林多废水的二级处理。为此，使用C18（21个馏分）和氨丙基柱（15个馏分）进行了两个后续的分馏步骤。通过这种分离，LC-HRMS在原始样品中检测到的特征数量从1500个急剧减少到了9个，其中包括两种农药（甲虫威17 ng / L和苯丙哌定23 ng / L），两种抗抑郁药可以在两个有毒成分中鉴定出（阿米替林304 ng / L和帕罗西汀26 ng / L）和两种驱虫药（甲苯达唑65 ng / L和阿苯达唑48 ng / L）。

更新日期：2020-07-21

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