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Seasonality in the production of male larvae: a game model for parasitic barnacles (Cirripedia: Rhizocephala)
Journal of Crustacean Biology ( IF 1.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-12 , DOI: 10.1093/jcbiol/ruaa021
Sachi Yamaguchi 1 , Yoh Iwasa 2
Affiliation  

Abstract
The male larvae of many parasitic barnacles are planktonic and are seasonally released. To achieve reproductive success, a male must be accepted by a receptive female that has successfully infected a host. To understand the seasonality of the breeding biology of parasitic barnacles, we developed an evolutionary game theoretical model for the seasonal pattern in the production of male larvae. Assumptions are that female parasitic barnacles become receptive following a given seasonal pattern. The parental females (mothers) choose the timing of producing their own male larvae to achieve maximum reproductive success. In the evolutionarily stable seasonal pattern, the production of male larvae often shows a sharp peak on a single day, indicating strongly synchronized production of male larvae, even when the supply of receptive females is distributed over the breeding season. When the total number of male larvae is large, the evolutionarily stable male production pattern may include multiple peaks, but it never shows a continuous distribution. This is very different from the game model previously developed for the emergence pattern of butterflies, where evolutionarily stable male emergence is always continuously distributed over a fraction of the mating season. As planktonic larvae, male parasitic barnacles have a naturally limited ability to find receptive females, and females may stay receptive for many days, whereas in butterflies, newly emerged females are mated within a day of their emergence.


中文翻译:

雄性幼虫生产中的季节性:寄生藤壶的博弈模型(Cirripedia:Rhizocephala)

摘要
许多寄生藤壶的雄性幼虫是浮游性的,并季节性释放。为了获得生殖成功,必须成功感染宿主的雌性接受雄性。为了了解寄生藤壶繁殖生物学的季节性,我们针对雄性幼虫的生产季节性模式开发了进化博弈理论模型。假设雌性寄生藤壶在给定的季节模式下变得容易接受。父母的雌性(母亲)选择生产自己的雄性幼虫的时间,以实现最大的繁殖成功。在进化稳定的季节模式中,雄性幼虫的产量通常会在一天中出现一个高峰,这表明雄性幼虫的产量高度同步,即使在繁殖季节分配雌性的母鸡供应。当雄性幼虫的总数很大时,进化稳定的雄性生产模式可能会包含多个峰值,但从未显示出连续的分布。这与以前为蝴蝶的出没模式开发的游戏模型有很大的不同,在这种游戏模型中,进化稳定的雄性出没总是在交配季节的一小部分连续分布。作为浮游幼虫,雄性寄生藤壶天生具有接受雌性的能力,而雌性可能会保持很多天,而在蝴蝶中,新出现的雌性会在它们出现的一天内交配。进化稳定的雄性生产模式可能包括多个峰值,但从未显示出连续的分布。这与以前为蝴蝶的出没模式开发的游戏模型有很大的不同,后者的进化稳定的雄性出没总是在交配季节的一小部分中连续分布。作为浮游幼虫,雄性寄生藤壶天生具有接受雌性的能力,而雌性可能会保持很多天,而在蝴蝶中,新出现的雌性会在它们出现的一天内交配。进化稳定的雄性生产模式可能包括多个峰值,但从未显示出连续的分布。这与以前为蝴蝶的出没模式开发的游戏模型有很大的不同,后者的进化稳定的雄性出没总是在交配季节的一小部分中连续分布。作为浮游幼虫,雄性寄生藤壶天生具有接受雌性的能力,而雌性可能会保持很多天,而在蝴蝶中,新出现的雌性会在它们出现的一天内交配。在这种情况下,进化稳定的雄性出苗总是在整个交配季节的一小部分连续分布。作为浮游幼虫,雄性寄生藤壶天生具有接受雌性的能力,而雌性可能会保持很多天,而在蝴蝶中,新出现的雌性会在它们出现的一天内交配。在这种情况下,进化稳定的雄性出苗总是在整个交配季节的一小部分连续分布。作为浮游幼虫,雄性寄生藤壶天生具有接受雌性的能力,而雌性可能会保持很多天,而在蝴蝶中,新出现的雌性会在它们出现的一天内交配。
更新日期:2020-06-12
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