Abstract

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is an important crop in arid zones and plays significant ecological and socio-economic roles. During the last decades, date palm groves were subjected to degradation due to extensive soil exploitation and low soil fertility. The use of biological techniques is essential to improve date palm development. The present work aims at assessing the effect of two different doses of compost (5% and 20%) and inoculation with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Rhizoglomus irregulare on growth and development of date palm seedlings. The treatments comprised control and application of 5 and 20% of compost with R. irregulare individually or in combination. Growth, physiological, histological, and mycorrhization traits were assessed. Obtained results showed that compost applied at a low dose (5%) alone or in combination with the AMF stimulated root length, leaf area, root dry weight, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll fluorescence and increased the number of sclerenchyma fibers, the number of vascular bundles, root diameter, and lignification of the endodermis of date palm seedlings compared to control. Compost at low doses combined or not with AMF can successfully be applied as biofertilizers for improving the growth and development of date palm.

摘要

枣椰树（Phoenix dactylifera L.）是干旱地区的重要农作物，在生态和社会经济方面发挥着重要作用。在过去的几十年中，由于广泛的土壤开发和低土壤肥力，枣椰林遭受了退化。生物技术的使用对于改善枣椰树的发育至关重要。本工作旨在评估两种不同剂量的堆肥（5％和20％）以及接种丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）不规则根瘤菌对枣椰树幼苗生长和发育的影响。处理包括控制和施用5％和20％的不规则红腐菌堆肥。单独或组合使用。评估生长，生理，组织学和菌根性状。获得的结果表明，低剂量（5％）单独或与AMF一起施用堆肥可刺激根长，叶面积，根干重，氮，磷和钾含量，气孔导度和叶绿素荧光并增加硬皮病的数量与对照相比，椰枣幼苗的纤维，维管束数量，根的直径和内胚层的木质化程度。低剂量堆肥或不与AMF混合均可成功用作生物肥料，以改善枣椰树的生长和发育。