ABSTRACT Although semantic system is composed of two distinctive processes (i.e., semantic knowledge and semantic control), it remains unknown in which way these two processes dissociate from each other. Investigating the white matter neuroanatomy underlying these processes helps improve understanding of this question. To address this issue, we recruited brain-damaged patients with semantic dementia (SD) and semantic aphasia (SA), who had selective predominant deficits in semantic knowledge and semantic control, respectively. We built regression models to identify the white matter network associated with the semantic performance of each patient group. Semantic knowledge deficits in the SD patients were associated with damage to the left medial temporal network, while semantic control deficits in the SA patients were associated with damage to the other two networks (left frontal-temporal/occipital and frontal-subcortical networks). The further voxel-based analysis revealed additional semantic-relevant white matter tracts. These findings specify different processing principles of the components in semantic system.

中文翻译：

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白质网络将语义控制与语义知识表示分离：来自基于体素的病变症状映射的证据

摘要 尽管语义系统由两个不同的过程（即语义知识和语义控制）组成，但这两个过程以何种方式相互分离仍然未知。研究这些过程背后的白质神经解剖学有助于提高对这个问题的理解。为了解决这个问题，我们招募了语义性痴呆 (SD) 和语义性失语症 (SA) 的脑损伤患者，他们分别在语义知识和语义控制方面有选择性的主要缺陷。我们建立了回归模型来识别与每个患者组的语义表现相关的白质网络。SD 患者的语义知识缺陷与左侧内侧颞叶网络的损伤有关，而 SA 患者的语义控制缺陷与其他两个网络（左额-颞/枕叶和额-皮质下网络）的损伤有关。进一步的基于体素的分析揭示了额外的语义相关白质束。这些发现指定了语义系统中组件的不同处理原则。