Abstract This study presents relative humidity (RH) sensing response of resistive sensors composed of nanocomposites with oxidized single-wall carbon nanohorns (SWCNHs) and hydrophilic polymers in different ratios at room temperature. The poly(ethylene glycol)-blockpoly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-PPG-PEG) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) materials were selected to be the hydrophilic polymers. Two types of nanocomposites with PVP were synthesized, one using SWCNHs/VP at 1/2 (w/w) ratio and another with SWCNHs/PVP in a 1/1 (w/w) ratio. The sensing structure is composed of a Si substrate, a SiO2 layer, and interdigitated (IDT) electrodes, on which the sensing layer is deposited via the drop-casting method. The sensor has a response comparable to that of a commercially available, state-of-the-art, capacitive relative humidity sensor, being characterized by a rapid response time and excellent stability with time. Two sensing mechanisms are considered and analyzed. The first involves the rapid swelling of the host hydrophilic polymer at higher relative humidity levels. The second involves a decrease in the number of holes due to interaction with water molecules, which act as electron donors.

中文翻译：

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氧化碳纳米角-亲水聚合物纳米复合材料作为相对湿度的电阻传感层

摘要 本研究展示了由氧化单壁碳纳米角 (SWCNHs) 和不同比例的亲水聚合物组成的纳米复合材料在室温下的电阻传感器的相对湿度 (RH) 传感响应。选择聚（乙二醇）-嵌段聚（丙二醇）-嵌段-聚（乙二醇）（PEG-PPG-PEG）和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）材料作为亲水性聚合物。合成了两种含 PVP 的纳米复合材料，一种使用 SWCNHs/VP 为 1/2 (w/w) 的比例，另一种使用 SWCNHs/PVP 的比例为 1/1 (w/w)。传感结构由 Si 衬底、SiO2 层和叉指 (IDT) 电极组成，传感层通过滴铸方法沉积在其上。该传感器的响应可与市售的、最先进的、电容式相对湿度传感器，具有快速响应时间和出色的时间稳定性。考虑和分析了两种传感机制。第一个涉及主体亲水聚合物在较高相对湿度水平下的快速溶胀。第二个涉及由于与作为电子供体的水分子相互作用而导致的空穴数量减少。