Changes in the environment due to multiple factors, such as combustion of fossil fuels, heating, transportation, deforestation, etc., have led to more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which eventually led to a rise in global temperatures. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is the major factor for the rapid rise in global temperature. One of the most encouraging technological advances to address global warming is to transform CO₂ into value-added commodities that offer a win–win strategy. In this regard, intensive research has been pursued around the world for development of feasible systems in product recovery or product synthesis from CO₂-rich industrial emissions. We envision that the biological CO₂ reduction or conversion process can be beneficial for developing carbon-neutral technologies. The integration of CO₂-emitting industrial technologies with CO₂-converting biological systems can be helpful in achieving sustainable value-added products with no or minimal loss of energy and materials that are assuring for improved economics. The CO₂-converting bioprocesses can be directly integrated with the processes emitting a high amount of CO₂. This symbiotic integration can make the whole process carbon neutral. Herein, this review highlights an insight on research activities of biological CO₂ mitigation using photo catalysts (algae and photo bacteria), an anaerobic biocatalyst (bacteria), gas fermentation, and an enzymatic catalyst. Perspectives and challenges of these technologies are discussed.

由于多种因素引起的环境变化，例如化石燃料的燃烧，供暖，运输，森林砍伐等，导致大气中温室气体的增多，最终导致全球温度上升。二氧化碳（CO ₂）是全球温度迅速上升的主要因素。解决全球变暖问题最令人鼓舞的技术进步之一就是将CO ₂转化为提供双赢战略的增值商品。在这方面，在世界范围内已经进行了深入的研究，以开发用于从富含CO _2的工业排放中进行产品回收或产品合成的可行系统。我们设想生物CO ₂减少或转化过程对于开发碳中和技术可能是有益的。将排放CO _2的工业技术与转换CO _2的生物系统相结合，可以帮助实现可持续的增值产品，而不会损失或减少能源和材料，从而确保了经济的改善。可以将转化CO _2的生物过程与排放大量CO ₂的过程直接集成在一起。这种共生的整合可以使整个过程实现碳中和。在此，本综述重点介绍了对生物CO ₂研究活动的见解。使用光催化剂（藻类和光细菌），厌氧生物催化剂（细菌），气体发酵和酶促催化剂进行缓解。讨论了这些技术的观点和挑战。