One of the important factors in fertilizer application efficiency in surface fertigation is the shape of inflow hydrographs. In this research, a fertigation model is developed to analyse the effect of surge flow on furrow fertigation. Saint‐Venant equations and the advection–dispersion equation were used to estimate water flow and solute transport characteristics, respectively. The field experiments, including different fertigation treatments with surge flow, were conducted to calibrate and evaluate the developed model. Most of the water and nitrate losses occurred through runoff; water losses through runoff ranged from 13.8 to 33.4%, while fertilizer losses varied between 5.1 and 47%. Water and nitrate losses in the second fertigation experiments were higher than those in the first due to the reduction of the surge effect. A comparison between simulated and observed data shows appropriate accuracy of the developed model; the root mean squared error (RMSE) index for nitrate and water runoff losses was 8.4 and 12.1%, respectively. Fertigation during all advance surges was recognized as the desirable option in furrow irrigation with a surge flow. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

中文翻译：

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涌流沟灌施肥水流与溶质运移模型的开发与评价

影响地表施肥效率的重要因素之一是流入水文图的形状。在这项研究中，开发了一种施肥模型来分析涌流对犁沟施肥的影响。使用Saint-Venant方程和对流-弥散方程分别估算水流量和溶质运移特性。进行了田间试验，包括采用浪涌流量进行的不同施肥处理，以校准和评估开发的模型。大部分水和硝酸盐流失是通过径流发生的。径流造成的水损失介于13.8％至33.4％之间，而肥料损失介于5.1％至47％之间。由于浪涌效应的降低，第二次施肥实验中的水和硝酸盐损失高于第一次施肥实验。模拟数据和观察数据之间的比较显示了开发模型的适当准确性；硝酸盐和水的径流损失的均方根误差（RMSE）指数分别为8.4和12.1％。在所有提前浪涌期间施肥被认为是带有浪涌流量的沟灌中的理想选择。分级为4 +©2020 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.