Ionospheric scintillation is an interference characterized by rapid and random fluctuations in radio frequency signals when passing through irregularities in the ionosphere. It can severely degrade the performance of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, thus increasing positioning errors. Receivers with different tracking loop bandwidths and coherent integration times perform differently under scintillation. This study investigates the effects of GNSS receiver tracking loop tuning on scintillation monitoring and Phase Locked Loop (PLL) tracking jitter estimation using simulated GNSS data. The variation of carrier to noise density ratio (C/N0) under scintillation with different tracking loop settings is also studied. The results show that receiver tuning has a minor effect on scintillation indices calculation. The levels of C/N0 are also similar for different PLL bandwidths and integration times. Additionally, the tracking jitter is estimated by theoretical equations and verified using the relationship with the PLL discriminator output noise, which is calculated using the post‐correlation measurements. Novel approaches are further proposed to calculate 1‐s scintillation index, which enables to compute the tracking jitter at a rate of 1 s. It is found that 1‐s tracking jitter can successfully represent the signal fluctuations levels caused by scintillation. This work is valuable for developing scintillation sensitive tracking error models and is also of great significance for GNSS receiver design to mitigate scintillation effects.

中文翻译：

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存在电离层闪烁时，GNSS接收器调谐对PLL跟踪抖动估计的影响

电离层闪烁是一种干扰，其特征是当穿过电离层的不规则区域时，射频信号会出现快速随机波动。它会严重降低全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）接收器的性能，从而增加定位误差。具有不同跟踪环路带宽和相干积分时间的接收机在闪烁下的性能不同。这项研究调查了GNSS接收器跟踪环路调整对闪烁监视和使用模拟GNSS数据进行的锁相环（PLL）跟踪抖动估计的影响。载噪比的变化（C / N 0），还研究了在闪烁情况下具有不同跟踪环路设置的情况。结果表明，接收机调谐对闪烁指数的计算影响较小。水平Ç / Ñ 0对于不同的PLL带宽和积分时间，它们也相似。此外，跟踪抖动通过理论方程式估算，并使用与PLL鉴频器输出噪声的关系进行验证，该关系使用后相关测量值计算得出。进一步提出了新的方法来计算1-s闪烁指数，从而能够以1 s的速率计算跟踪抖动。发现1 s跟踪抖动可以成功表示由闪烁引起的信号波动水平。这项工作对于开发闪烁敏感的跟踪误差模型非常有价值，对于减轻闪烁效应的GNSS接收器设计也具有重要意义。