To address the need for more holistic approaches to ecological management and restoration, we examine ecosystem interventions through the lens of systems thinking and in reference to systems archetypes, as developed in relation to organizational management in the business world. Systems thinking is a holistic approach to analysis that focuses on how a system's constituent parts interrelate and how systems work over time and within the context of larger systems. Systems archetypes represent patterns of behavior that have been observed repeatedly. These archetypes help relate commonly observed responses to environmental problems with their effect on important feedback processes to better anticipate connections between actions and results. They highlight situations where perceived solutions actually result in worse or unintended consequences, and where changing goals may be either appropriate or inappropriate. The archetypes can be applied to practical examples, and can provide guidance to help make appropriate intervention decisions in similar circumstances. Their use requires stepping back from immediately obvious management decisions and taking a more systemic view of the situation. A catalog of archetypes that describe common patterns of systems behavior may inform management by helping to diagnose system dynamics earlier and identifying interactions among them.

中文翻译：

---

系统地思考生态干预：系统原型教给我们什么？

为了满足对生态管理和恢复采取更全面方法的需求，我们通过系统思考的角度并参考系统原型来研究生态系统干预措施，该系统原型是针对商业组织管理而开发的。系统思考是一种整体分析方法，着重于系统组成部分如何相互关联以及系统如何随着时间的推移以及在大型系统的环境下工作。系统原型代表了反复观察到的行为模式。这些原型有助于将通常观察到的对环境问题的响应与对重要反馈过程的影响联系起来，从而更好地预期行为与结果之间的联系。它们着重指出了实际存在的解决方案实际上会导致更糟或意外后果的情况，以及更改目标可能适当或不合适的地方。原型可以应用于实际示例，并且可以提供指导，以帮助在类似情况下做出适当的干预决策。使用它们需要立即做出明显的管理决策，并从更系统的角度看待这种情况。描述系统行为常见模式的原型目录可以通过帮助较早诊断系统动态并识别它们之间的相互作用来通知管理。使用它们需要立即做出明显的管理决策，并从更系统的角度看待这种情况。描述系统行为常见模式的原型目录可以通过帮助较早诊断系统动态并识别它们之间的相互作用来通知管理。使用它们需要立即做出明显的管理决策，并从更系统的角度看待这种情况。描述系统行为常见模式的原型目录可以通过帮助较早诊断系统动态并识别它们之间的相互作用来通知管理。