Abstract Compressible supercapacitors are particularly important in wearable energy storage because they can maintain desired levels of performance during repeated compressing and recovering process. However, it is still challenging for a compressible supercapacitor to maintain excellent electrochemical performances under highly compressive strain. Herein, a highly compressible reduced graphene oxide-polypyrrole-reduced graphene oxide-melamine sponge (G-PPy-G-MS) electrode is prepared via coating polypyrrole and a double layer of reduced graphene oxide on the melamine sponge. Polypyrrole provides the capability of high redox pseudocapacitive charge storage for the electrode, the electronic conductivity of the sample is greatly promoted by the double layer of reduced graphene oxide, and the melamine sponge ensures remarkable compressive properties. As a result, under the high compressive strain of 80 %, the G-PPy-G-MS electrode possesses a high specific capacitance of 464.10 F g−1, superior rate performance with 44.47 % retention from 0.5 A g−1 to 10 A g−1, and desirable cycling stability (remains 85.43 % after 5000 cycles). Moreover, the all-solid-state symmetric supercapacitor constructed by G-PPy-G-MS maintains 97.48 % specific capacitance after 100 compressing-recovering cycles at the high strain of 80 %. This work develops a novel and feasible strategy to fabricate composite electrodes with high electrochemical and mechanical performances for compressible supercapacitors.

中文翻译：

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石墨烯/聚吡咯改性的三聚氰胺海绵作为高度可压缩的超级电容器电极

摘要 可压缩超级电容器在可穿戴储能中尤为重要，因为它们可以在重复压缩和恢复过程中保持所需的性能水平。然而，可压缩超级电容器在高压缩应变下保持优异的电化学性能仍然具有挑战性。在此，通过在三聚氰胺海绵上涂覆聚吡咯和双层还原氧化石墨烯，制备了高度可压缩的还原氧化石墨烯-聚吡咯还原氧化石墨烯-三聚氰胺海绵（G-PPy-G-MS）电极。聚吡咯为电极提供了高氧化还原赝电容电荷存储能力，还原氧化石墨烯的双层大大提高了样品的电子导电性，三聚氰胺海绵确保了卓越的压缩性能。因此，在 80% 的高压缩应变下，G-PPy-G-MS 电极具有 464.10 F g-1 的高比电容，优异的倍率性能，从 0.5 A g-1 到 10 A 保持 44.47% g-1，以及理想的循环稳定性（5000 次循环后保持 85.43%）。此外，由 G-PPy-G-MS 构建的全固态对称超级电容器在 80% 的高应变下经过 100 次压缩-恢复循环后仍保持 97.48% 的比电容。这项工作开发了一种新颖可行的策略来制造具有高电化学和机械性能的可压缩超级电容器的复合电极。和理想的循环稳定性（5000 次循环后仍保持 85.43%）。此外，由 G-PPy-G-MS 构建的全固态对称超级电容器在 80% 的高应变下经过 100 次压缩-恢复循环后仍保持 97.48% 的比电容。这项工作开发了一种新颖可行的策略来制造具有高电化学和机械性能的可压缩超级电容器的复合电极。和理想的循环稳定性（5000 次循环后仍保持 85.43%）。此外，由 G-PPy-G-MS 构建的全固态对称超级电容器在 80% 的高应变下经过 100 次压缩-恢复循环后仍保持 97.48% 的比电容。这项工作开发了一种新颖可行的策略来制造具有高电化学和机械性能的可压缩超级电容器的复合电极。