Abstract A better understanding of the gravity flow mechanism of caved material is required to increase ore recovery in caving mining. This study presents a novel computational framework PRF3D (3D particle random flow) capable of simulating the flow behavior of caved ore and rock in sublevel caving mining. The PRF3D framework combines the advantages of the discrete element method and stochastic medium theory and uses the billboard technique of OpenGL to render and visualize particles. The new framework can automatically record the ore recovery indicators, display the shape of the draw zone in real time and capture the fines percolation. An isolated physical draw experiment is conducted to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the PRF3D from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives. After validation, various numerical tests are conducted to investigate the influence of the sublevel height, drawpoint spacing, drawpoint size and particle size of overlaying rock on the multidraw behavior of caved ore and rock in sublevel caving mining. The performance of PRF3D is also demonstrated by benchmarking with the reported simulations.

中文翻译：

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用于模拟地下崩落材料重力流动行为的新计算框架

摘要 为了提高崩落采矿中的矿石回收率，需要更好地了解崩落物质的重力流动机制。本研究提出了一种新的计算框架 PRF3D（3D 粒子随机流），能够模拟崩落采矿中崩落矿石和岩石的流动行为。PRF3D框架结合了离散元法和随机介质理论的优点，利用OpenGL的广告牌技术对粒子进行渲染和可视化。新框架可以自动记录矿石回收率指标，实时显示出矿区的形状并捕获细粒渗透。进行了独立的物理绘制实验，以从定性和定量的角度验证 PRF3D 的准确性和效率。验证后，进行了各种数值试验，研究了分段高度、拉点间距、拉点尺寸和覆岩粒度对分段放矿开采中崩落矿石和岩石的多次开采行为的影响。PRF3D 的性能也通过与报告的模拟进行基准测试来证明。