Cold spray is a powder-based additive manufacturing process that leverages the high kinetic energy of particles accelerated at supersonic speeds to create bulk depositions and coatings, with effective metallurgical and mechanical bonding. As a solid-state process, cold spray offers many advantages over conventional thermal spray techniques, including low processing temperatures, the generation of beneficial compressive residual stresses, and desirable properties. Due to the increased utilization of this technology both for 3D manufacturing and repair of structurally critical components, a literature review that comprehensively discusses the state-of-the-art in cold spray materials and their properties is necessary for the adoption and implementation of the technology. Special emphasis is given to the effects of feedstock powder and processing conditions on the resulting microstructure, porosity, and residual stress, and how these affect hardness, static properties, and fatigue and fracture characteristics. The review also addresses important aspects related to the adhesion at the cold spray coating-substrate interface, which is a critical consideration for coating optimization and application of this process to the repair of fatigue-critical components. Future research directions in cold spray are also discussed in this context.

冷喷涂是一种基于粉末的增材制造工艺，它利用以超音速加速的颗粒的高动能，通过有效的冶金和机械粘合形成大量的沉积物和涂层。作为固态工艺，冷喷涂与传统的热喷涂技术相比具有许多优势，包括加工温度低，产生有利的压缩残余应力以及理想的性能。由于在3D制造和结构关键部件的修复中都越来越多地利用该技术，因此，一篇文献综述全面讨论了冷喷涂材料的最新技术及其性能对于采用和实施该技术是必要的。 。特别强调了原料粉末和加工条件对所得的微观结构，孔隙率和残余应力的影响，以及它们如何影响硬度，静态性能以及疲劳和断裂特性。这篇综述还讨论了与冷喷涂涂层-基体界面粘合性有关的重要方面，这是涂层优化以及将该工艺应用于疲劳关键部件的修复的关键考虑因素。在这种情况下，还将讨论冷喷涂的未来研究方向。这是涂层优化和将该工艺应用到疲劳关键部件维修的关键考虑因素。在这种情况下，还将讨论冷喷涂的未来研究方向。这是涂层优化和将该工艺应用到疲劳关键部件维修的关键考虑因素。在这种情况下，还将讨论冷喷涂的未来研究方向。