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Dot product graphs and domination number
Journal of the Egyptian Mathematical Society Pub Date : 2020-06-10 , DOI: 10.1186/s42787-020-00092-6
Dina Saleh , Nefertiti Megahed

Let A be a commutative ring with 1≠0 and R = A × A . The unit dot product graph of R is defined to be the undirected graph U D ( R ) with the multiplicative group of units in R , denoted by U ( R ), as its vertex set. Two distinct vertices x and y are adjacent if and only if x · y =0∈ A , where x · y denotes the normal dot product of x and y . In 2016, Abdulla studied this graph when A = ℤ n $A=\mathbb {Z}_{n}$ , n ∈ ℕ $n \in \mathbb {N}$ , n ≥2. Inspired by this idea, we study this graph when A has a finite multiplicative group of units. We define the congruence unit dot product graph of R to be the undirected graph C U D ( R ) with the congruent classes of the relation ∽ $\thicksim $ defined on R as its vertices. Also, we study the domination number of the total dot product graph of the ring R = ℤ n × ... × ℤ n $R=\mathbb {Z}_{n}\times... \times \mathbb {Z}_{n}$ , k times and k < ∞ , where all elements of the ring are vertices and adjacency of two distinct vertices is the same as in U D ( R ). We find an upper bound of the domination number of this graph improving that found by Abdulla.

中文翻译:

点积图和支配数

设 A 是一个交换环,其中 1≠0 且 R = A × A 。R 的单位点积图被定义为无向图 UD ( R ),其中 R 中的单位乘法群,用 U ( R ) 表示,作为它的顶点集。两个不同的顶点 x 和 y 相邻当且仅当 x · y =0∈ A ,其中 x · y 表示 x 和 y 的正常点积。2016 年,Abdulla 研究了当 A = ℤ n $A=\mathbb {Z}_{n}$ , n ∈ ℕ $n \in \mathbb {N}$ , n ≥2 时的这张图。受这个想法的启发,我们研究了当 A 具有有限乘法单元组时的图。我们将 R 的同余单位点积图定义为无向图 CUD ( R ),其中关系 ∽ $\thicksim $ 的全等类定义在 R 上作为其顶点。此外,我们研究了环的总点积图的支配数 R = ℤ n × ... × ℤ n $R=\mathbb {Z}_{n}\times... \times \mathbb {Z}_{n}$ ,k 次和 k < ∞ ,其中环的所有元素都是顶点,并且两个不同顶点的邻接与 UD ( R ) 中的相同。我们发现这个图的支配数的上限改进了阿卜杜拉发现的。
更新日期:2020-06-10
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