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Hierarchically aligned nano silver/chitosan–PVA hydrogel for point-of-use water disinfection: contact-active mechanism revealed
Environmental Science: Nano ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-11 , DOI: 10.1039/d0en00405g Navneet Kaur Dhiman 1, 2, 3, 4 , Shekhar Agnihotri 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Environmental Science: Nano ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-11 , DOI: 10.1039/d0en00405g Navneet Kaur Dhiman 1, 2, 3, 4 , Shekhar Agnihotri 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
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The unsafe disposal of biomedical waste poses hazardous consequences to natural water resources, which may get contaminated through several means of leakage into waterways. Herein, the disinfection potential of nano-silver loaded chitosan–PVA hydrogel to completely eradicate biomedical contaminants coexisting with natural contaminants in environmental samples was successfully demonstrated for the first time. The polymeric network of the hydrogel served a dual role for in situ synthesis and immobilization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) simultaneously. Porous Ag-loaded hydrogels displayed a temperature-dependent swelling behavior and exhibited an improved mechanical strength (Young's modulus, 12.36 ± 0.29 MPa; elongation at break, 180%) by effectively distributing the external stress and restored its structural integrity. Complete disinfection (100% killing) could be achieved within 4 h against all the four tested contaminants, demonstrating a distinct strain-specific biocidal activity. Being a diffusion-controlled process, the oxidative dissolution of AgNPs deeply buried in the interiors of the hydrogel architectures was adversely affected on repeated use and restricted the maximum silver release to 38.8 ± 5.6 μg g−1 hydrogel in an aqueous suspension over 7 days. Correlating the reusability and silver release kinetics, a predominant contact-active role of the hydrogel was envisaged via ‘capture and kill’ over leaching of silver ions for rapid water disinfection. The Ag-loaded hydrogels also severely inhibited the biofilm formation of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus till 48 h. Finally, the hydrogels could completely disinfect the natural water samples, i.e., river, ground, and tap water with inherited microbiota and biomedical contaminants in 2 h under the real conditions.
中文翻译：
分层排列的纳米银/壳聚糖-PVA水凝胶用于使用点水消毒：揭示了接触活性机制
生物医学废物的不安全处置会对自然水资源造成危险后果，自然水资源可能通过多种泄漏到水道中的方式受到污染。在此，首次成功证明了纳米银负载的壳聚糖-PVA水凝胶具有彻底清除环境样品中与自然污染物共存的生物医学污染物的消毒潜力。水凝胶的聚合物网络在原位起着双重作用银纳米粒子（AgNPs）的合成和固定化。通过有效地分散外部应力并恢复其结构完整性，多孔的载有银的水凝胶表现出与温度有关的溶胀行为，并表现出改善的机械强度（杨氏模量，12.36±0.29 MPa；断裂伸长率，180％）。可以在4小时内完成对所有四种测试污染物的完全消毒（100％杀灭），这证明了其独特的菌株特异性杀菌活性。作为扩散控制的过程，深埋在水凝胶结构内部的AgNP的氧化溶解在重复使用时受到不利影响，并将最大银释放量限制在38.8±5.6μgg -1水悬浮液中的水凝胶超过7天。关联可重用性和银释放动力学，通过“捕获并杀死”银离子的浸出以快速进行水消毒，可以设想水凝胶的主要接触活性作用。载有银的水凝胶也严重抑制了大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的生物膜形成，直至48 h。最后，在真实条件下，水凝胶可以在2小时内用遗传的微生物和生物医学污染物完全消毒天然水样本，即河流，地面和自来水。
更新日期：2020-08-14
中文翻译：
分层排列的纳米银/壳聚糖-PVA水凝胶用于使用点水消毒：揭示了接触活性机制
生物医学废物的不安全处置会对自然水资源造成危险后果，自然水资源可能通过多种泄漏到水道中的方式受到污染。在此，首次成功证明了纳米银负载的壳聚糖-PVA水凝胶具有彻底清除环境样品中与自然污染物共存的生物医学污染物的消毒潜力。水凝胶的聚合物网络在原位起着双重作用银纳米粒子（AgNPs）的合成和固定化。通过有效地分散外部应力并恢复其结构完整性，多孔的载有银的水凝胶表现出与温度有关的溶胀行为，并表现出改善的机械强度（杨氏模量，12.36±0.29 MPa；断裂伸长率，180％）。可以在4小时内完成对所有四种测试污染物的完全消毒（100％杀灭），这证明了其独特的菌株特异性杀菌活性。作为扩散控制的过程，深埋在水凝胶结构内部的AgNP的氧化溶解在重复使用时受到不利影响，并将最大银释放量限制在38.8±5.6μgg -1水悬浮液中的水凝胶超过7天。关联可重用性和银释放动力学，通过“捕获并杀死”银离子的浸出以快速进行水消毒，可以设想水凝胶的主要接触活性作用。载有银的水凝胶也严重抑制了大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的生物膜形成，直至48 h。最后，在真实条件下，水凝胶可以在2小时内用遗传的微生物和生物医学污染物完全消毒天然水样本，即河流，地面和自来水。
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