Inspired by the superior fixed and traction characteristics of ostrich foot toenails, we devised, optimized and manufactured the single structure and group arrangement of a new-style bionic spike for sprint shoes to improve athletic performance. The tractive performance of the bionic spike was tested by finite element analysis and experimental verification. The optimized single structure of the bionic spike had a top slope angle of 13° and the radius of the medial groove of 7.3 mm. Compared with the conventional conic spike, the maximal and stable extrusion resistances of the single bionic spike decreased by about 25% and 40% respectively, while the maximal and stable horizontal thrusts increased by about 16% and 10%, respectively. In addition, the arrangement of the bionic spikes was also optimized. Compared with the conventional spike group, the maximal and stable extrusion resistances of the bionic spike group decreased by 11.0% and 6.2%, respectively, while the maximal and stable horizontal thrusts increased by 20.0% and 16.0%, respectively. The current results may provide useful mechanical information that can help develop a better design of athletic shoes with the potential for advanced performance.

受到鸵鸟脚趾甲卓越的固定和牵引特性的启发，我们设计，优化和制造了新型仿生鞋钉的单结构和组布置，以改进短跑鞋的运动性能。通过有限元分析和实验验证来测试仿生尖峰的牵引性能。仿生钉的优化单一结构的顶部倾斜角为13°，中间凹槽的半径为7.3 mm。与常规圆锥形钉相比，单个仿生钉的最大和稳定的挤压阻力分别降低了约25％和40％，而最大和稳定的水平推力分别增加了约16％和10％。另外，还优化了仿生钉的布置。与传统的尖刺组相比，仿生刺钉组的最大和稳定的抗挤压力分别下降了11.0％和6.2％，而水平和水平推力的最大和稳定分别上升了20.0％和16.0％。当前的结果可能会提供有用的机械信息，从而有助于开发出具有更高性能潜力的更好的运动鞋设计。