Methylmercury Bioaccumulation in Deepest Ocean Fauna: Implications for Ocean Mercury Biotransport through Food Webs,Environmental Science & Technology Letters

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Methylmercury Bioaccumulation in Deepest Ocean Fauna: Implications for Ocean Mercury Biotransport through Food Webs
Environmental Science & Technology Letters ( IF 8.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-11 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00299
Maodian Liu _{1,

2} , Wenjie Xiao _{1,

3} , Qianru Zhang _{1,

4} , Linlin Shi ₃ , Xuejun Wang ₁ , Yunping Xu ₃

Affiliation

For many contaminants, the hadal zone (from 6000 to 11000 m depth) is potentially the least explored environment. In this work, we reveal the bioaccumulation of methylmercury (MeHg), a potent neurotoxin that can be substantially bioaccumulated within marine food webs, in amphipod fauna from the Mariana, Massau, and New Britain trenches. We identified high levels of mercury (Hg) and MeHg ranging in wet weight from 47 to 435 ng/g and from 3.8 to 61 ng/g, respectively, in amphipods from these trenches. Placing the MeHg level into a broader comparative context with previous values, we found that the MeHg level in this study is significantly higher than that from many other aquatic environments around the world. High MeHg levels are largely dependent on food availability, which is probably related to surface ocean production, terrestrial input, and MeHg bioaccumulation in marine food webs. Comparisons of the distribution and variation trends of MeHg levels based on fatty acid, radiocarbon (Δ¹⁴C), and stable carbon isotope (δ¹³C) analyses supported our hypothesis. Our study suggests that anthropogenic Hg inputs into surface oceans could be rapidly transported to the world’s deepest oceans through marine food webs and highlights that hadal trenches are not biological deserts.

中文翻译：

最深海动物区系中甲基汞的生物富集：对通过食物网进行海洋汞生物运输的启示

对于许多污染物，浅海带（深度从6000到11000 m）可能是勘探最少的环境。在这项工作中，我们揭示了甲基汞（MeHg）的生物蓄积性，这是一种有效的神经毒素，可以在马里亚纳，马绍和新不列颠战的两栖动物区系中的海洋食物网中大量生物蓄积。我们从这些沟渠的两足动物中发现高含量的汞（Hg）和MeHg，其湿重分别为47至435 ng / g和3.8至61 ng / g。将甲基汞含量与以前的数值进行更广泛的比较时，我们发现本研究中的甲基汞含量显着高于世界上许多其他水生环境中的甲基汞含量。高的甲基汞含量主要取决于食物的可得性，这可能与海洋表层产量，陆地投入，和海洋食物网中的甲基汞生物蓄积。基于脂肪酸，放射性碳（Δ的MeHg水平的分布和变化趋势的比较¹⁴ C），和稳定的碳同位素（δ ¹³ C）分析支持了我们的假设。我们的研究表明，人为汞输入地表海洋可以通过海洋食物网迅速运输到世界上最深的海洋，并强调说，al沟不是生物沙漠。

更新日期：2020-07-14

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