Abstract Native goat breeds play an important role both in the safeguarding of biodiversity and the development of local economy. This study aimed to evaluate milk coagulation properties (MCP) of local (Garganica, Girgentana, Maltese, Mediterranean Red) and cosmopolitan (Saanen) goat breeds. From May to August 2018, 46 goats were sampled monthly in an experimental farm; milk samples were analysed for fat, protein and lactose percentages, pH, SCC and MCP. Data were evaluated through a mixed linear model with repeated measures, including breed, month of lactation and parity as fixed effects. Month of lactation affected all studied traits, and breed affected MCP, protein percentage, lactose percentage and pH. Milk composition and coagulation properties were better in local breeds than Saanen. In particular, milk of local breeds was richer in protein percentage, and coagulated and reached 20 mm of curd firmness on average 3.14 and 2.56 min earlier than Saanen, respectively. Moreover, the firmest curd was observed in Girgentana (31.44 mm) and the weakest in Garganica (21.72 mm). Rennet coagulation time and curd firmness decreased towards the end of lactation, differing significantly between May (10.62 min and 31.69 mm, respectively) and August (8.33 min and 20.69 mm, respectively), whereas curd-firming time only differed between May and June–July. In conclusion, milk of local breeds showed better milk coagulation ability than the cosmopolitan breed. Highlights Breed and month of lactation were important sources of variation of goat MCP. Local goat breeds showed better MCP than Saanen. Valorisation of the milk from the local breeds might be a tool to preserve native genetic resources.

中文翻译：

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意大利本地山羊品种比国际化品种具有更好的牛奶凝固特性

摘要 本土山羊品种在保护生物多样性和发展当地经济方面发挥着重要作用。本研究旨在评估当地（Garganica、Girgentana、马耳他、地中海红）和世界性（Saanen）山羊品种的牛奶凝固特性（MCP）。2018年5月至2018年8月，某试验场每月采样46只山羊；分析了牛奶样品的脂肪、蛋白质和乳糖百分比、pH、SCC 和 MCP。数据通过混合线性模型进行评估，重复测量，包括品种、哺乳月份和胎次作为固定效应。哺乳月份影响所有研究的性状，品种影响 MCP、蛋白质百分比、乳糖百分比和 pH 值。当地品种的牛奶成分和凝固特性优于 Saanen。特别是，地方品种的牛奶蛋白质含量更高，凝结并达到凝乳硬度的时间分别比萨能平均提前 3.14 分钟和 2.56 分钟。此外，在 Girgentana (31.44 mm) 中观察到的凝乳最坚硬，在 Garganica (21.72 mm) 中观察到的凝乳最弱。凝乳酶凝固时间和凝乳硬度在泌乳末期下降，在 5 月（分别为 10.62 分钟和 31.69 毫米）和 8 月（分别为 8.33 分钟和 20.69 毫米）之间显着不同，而凝乳凝固时间仅在 5 月和 6 月之间有所不同 -七月。总之，地方品种的牛奶比世界品种的牛奶表现出更好的牛奶凝固能力。亮点 品种和泌乳月份是山羊 MCP 变异的重要来源。当地山羊品种表现出比 Saanen 更好的 MCP。