Wind energy is running well ahead of its peers to deal with the demand–supply and environmental crisis due to fossil fuels. However, continuous exploitation of land led wind farms built in close proximity of dwellings of human beings, restricted zones, causing adverse effect on health and the environment. In this work, using a widely used model for wake and acoustic model (ISO‐9613‐2), the optimal number and locations of turbines in a farm has been determined while meeting several conflicting objectives such as noise propagation, energy, and cost. An index‐based decomposition and repair strategy (iDRS) using different indices for grid locations and performing repair on chromosomes to enhance the performance of convergence has been proposed as solution methodology. Comparing with a well‐established case study, the methodology is applied next to another realistic case, where the effects of the presence of practical constraints on the optimal layout are demonstrated. A designer can select a layout from several choices from the obtained Pareto set of solutions based on the permissible noise limits, cost obligations, and the extent of harnessed energy.

中文翻译：

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在实际约束下进行微选解决能源噪声成本权衡

在应对因化石燃料引起的供不应求和环境危机方面，风能一直领先于同行。然而，在人类住所，禁区附近建造的以土地为主导的风电场的持续开发，对健康和环境造成不利影响。在这项工作中，使用了广泛使用的尾流和声学模型（ISO‐9613‐2），在满足多个相互矛盾的目标（例如噪声传播，能源和成本）的情况下，确定了农场中涡轮机的最佳数量和位置。已经提出了一种基于索引的分解和修复策略（iDRS），该方法使用不同的网格位置索引并在染色体上进行修复以增强收敛性能，以此作为解决方法。与完善的案例研究相比，该方法是在另一种实际情况下应用的，其中证明了实际约束条件对最佳布局的影响。设计人员可以根据允许的噪声限制，成本义务和利用的能量范围，从所获得的Pareto解决方案集中，从几种选择中选择一种布局。