With the gradual discovery of functional domains in natural proteins, several biologically inspired peptides have been designed for use as biomaterials for hard tissue regeneration and repair. In this study, we designed a tuftelin‐derived peptide (TDP) and tested its effects on hydroxyapatite crystallization and remineralization of initial enamel carious lesions in vitro. Using circular dichroism spectroscopy, we found that TDP contained 36.1% β‐sheets and β‐turns, which could be influenced by calcium ions. We verified the ability of TDP to crystallize hydroxyapatite using transmission electron microscopy and its ability to bind to the enamel surface and hydroxyapatite using confocal laser scanning microscopy and Langmuir adsorption isotherms (K = 881.56, N = 1.41 × 10⁻⁵). Artificial enamel lesions were generated on human enamel blocks and subjected to a 12‐day pH cycling model and were treated with 25 μM TDP, 1 g/L sodium fluoride (NaF), or deionized water. We analyzed the results of remineralization by surface microhardness testing, polarized light microscopy, and transverse microradiography. The TDP group showed significantly higher surface microhardness recovery (49.21 ± 1.66%), shallower lesions (34.89 ± 4.05 μm), and less mineral loss (871.33 ± 81.49 vol%·μm) after pH cycling than the deionized water group (p < .05). There were no significant differences between the TDP and NaF groups. Our experiment indicated that TDP could regulate hydroxyapatite crystallization and promote remineralization of enamel caries in vitro.

中文翻译：

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Tuftelin 衍生肽促进体外初始牙釉质龋的再矿化。

随着天然蛋白质中功能域的逐渐发现，一些受生物学启发的肽被设计用作硬组织再生和修复的生物材料。在这项研究中，我们设计了一种 tuftelin 衍生肽 (TDP)，并在体外测试了其对羟基磷灰石结晶和初始牙釉质龋损再矿化的影响。使用圆二色光谱，我们发现 TDP 含有 36.1% 的 β-折叠和 β-转角，这可能受钙离子的影响。我们使用透射电子显微镜验证了 TDP 使羟基磷灰石结晶的能力及其使用共聚焦激光扫描显微镜和朗缪尔吸附等温线（K = 881.56，N = 1.41 × 10 ^-5）。在人牙釉质块上产生人工牙釉质损伤，并进行 12 天 pH 循环模型，并用 25 μM TDP、1 g/L 氟化钠 (NaF) 或去离子水处理。我们通过表面显微硬度测试、偏光显微镜和横向显微射线照相术分析了再矿化的结果。与去离子水组相比，TDP 组在 pH 循环后显示出显着更高的表面显微硬度恢复 (49.21 ± 1.66%)、更浅的损伤 (34.89 ± 4.05 μm) 和更少的矿物质损失 (871.33 ± 81.49 vol%·μm) ( p < . 05）。TDP 和 NaF 组之间没有显着差异。我们的实验表明，TDP 可以调节羟基磷灰石结晶并促进体外釉质龋的再矿化。