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A distributionally robust stochastic optimization-based model predictive control with distributionally robust chance constraints for cooperative adaptive cruise control under uncertain traffic conditions
Transportation Research Part B: Methodological ( IF 6.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.trb.2020.05.001
Shuaidong Zhao , Kuilin Zhang

Motivated by connected and automated vehicle (CAV) technologies, this paper proposes a data-driven optimization-based Model Predictive Control (MPC) modeling framework for the Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) of a string of CAVs under uncertain traffic conditions. The proposed data-driven optimization-based MPC modeling framework aims to improve the stability, robustness, and safety of longitudinal cooperative automated driving involving a string of CAVs under uncertain traffic conditions using Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) data. Based on an online learning-based driving dynamics prediction model, we predict the uncertain driving states of the vehicles preceding the controlled CAVs. With the predicted driving states of the preceding vehicles, we solve a constrained Finite-Horizon Optimal Control problem to predict the uncertain driving states of the controlled CAVs. To obtain the optimal acceleration or deceleration commands for the CAVs under uncertainties, we formulate a Distributionally Robust Stochastic Optimization (DRSO) model (i.e. a special case of data-driven optimization models under moment bounds) with a Distributionally Robust Chance Constraint (DRCC). The predicted uncertain driving states of the immediately preceding vehicles and the controlled CAVs will be utilized in the safety constraint and the reference driving states of the DRSO-DRCC model. To solve the minimax program of the DRSO-DRCC model, we reformulate the relaxed dual problem as a Semidefinite Program (SDP) of the original DRSO-DRCC model based on the strong duality theory and the Semidefinite Relaxation technique. In addition, we propose two methods for solving the relaxed SDP problem. We use Next Generation Simulation (NGSIM) data to demonstrate the proposed model in numerical experiments. The experimental results and analyses demonstrate that the proposed model can obtain string-stable, robust, and safe longitudinal cooperative automated driving control of CAVs by proper settings, including the driving-dynamics prediction model, prediction horizon lengths, and time headways. Computational analyses are conducted to validate the efficiency of the proposed methods for solving the DRSO-DRCC model for real-time automated driving applications within proper settings.



中文翻译:

不确定交通条件下基于分布鲁棒随机优化的模型预测控制与分布鲁棒机会约束的协同自适应巡航控制

受互联和自动驾驶汽车(CAV)技术的推动,本文提出了一种基于数据驱动的基于模型预测控制(MPC)的建模框架,用于在不确定交通条件下对一串CAV进行协同自适应巡航控制(CACC)。所提出的基于数据驱动的基于优化的MPC建模框架旨在使用车对车(V2V)数据来提高涉及不确定交通条件下的一系列CAV的纵向合作自动驾驶的稳定性,鲁棒性和安全性。基于基于在线学习的驾驶动力学预测模型,我们预测了受控CAV之前车辆的不确定驾驶状态。利用先前车辆的预测驾驶状态,我们解决了有限水平有限最优控制问题,以预测受控CAV的不确定驱动状态。为了获得不确定性下CAV的最佳加速或减速命令,我们制定了具有分布鲁棒机会约束(DRCC)的分布鲁棒随机优化(DRSO)模型(即在矩范围内数据驱动的优化模型的特殊情况)。在安全约束和DRSO-DRCC模型的参考驾驶状态中,将利用紧随其后的车辆和受控CAV的预测不确定驾驶状态。为了解决DRSO-DRCC模型的minimax程序,我们基于强对偶理论和半定松弛技术,将松弛对偶问题重构为原始DRSO-DRCC模型的半定规划(SDP)。此外,我们提出了两种解决松弛SDP问题的方法。我们使用下一代仿真(NGSIM)数据在数值实验中证明所提出的模型。实验结果和分析表明,所提出的模型可以通过适当的设置,包括驾驶动力学预测模型,预测时域长度和时距,来实现对字符串的串稳定,鲁棒和安全的纵向协同自动驾驶控制。进行了计算分析,以验证所提出方法在适当设置下解决实时自动驾驶应用的DRSO-DRCC模型的效率。此外,我们提出了两种解决松弛SDP问题的方法。我们使用下一代仿真(NGSIM)数据在数值实验中证明所提出的模型。实验结果和分析表明,所提出的模型可以通过适当的设置,包括驾驶动力学预测模型,预测时域长度和时距,来实现对字符串的串稳定,鲁棒和安全的纵向协同自动驾驶控制。进行了计算分析,以验证所提出方法在适当设置下解决实时自动驾驶应用的DRSO-DRCC模型的效率。此外,我们提出了两种解决松弛SDP问题的方法。我们使用下一代仿真(NGSIM)数据在数值实验中证明所提出的模型。实验结果和分析表明,所提出的模型可以通过适当的设置,包括驾驶动力学预测模型,预测时域长度和时距,来实现对字符串的串稳定,鲁棒和安全的纵向协同自动驾驶控制。进行了计算分析,以验证所提出方法在适当设置下解决实时自动驾驶应用的DRSO-DRCC模型的效率。实验结果和分析表明,所提出的模型可以通过适当的设置,包括驾驶动力学预测模型,预测时域长度和时距,来实现对字符串的稳定,鲁棒,安全的纵向协同自动驾驶控制。进行了计算分析,以验证所提出方法在适当设置下解决实时自动驾驶应用的DRSO-DRCC模型的效率。实验结果和分析表明,所提出的模型可以通过适当的设置,包括驾驶动力学预测模型,预测时域长度和时距,来实现对字符串的稳定,鲁棒,安全的纵向协同自动驾驶控制。进行了计算分析,以验证所提出方法的有效性,该方法可在适当设置下解决实时自动驾驶应用的DRSO-DRCC模型。

更新日期:2020-06-11
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