Increased uptake of variable renewable generation and further electrification of energy demand necessitate efficient coordination of flexible demand resources to make most efficient use of power system assets. Flexible electrical loads are typically small, numerous, heterogeneous and owned by self-interested agents. Considering the multi-temporal nature of flexibility and the uncertainty involved, scheduling them is a complex task. This paper proposes a forecast-mediated real-time market-based control approach (F-MBC) for cost minimizing coordination of uninterruptible time-shiftable (i.e. deferrable) loads. F-MBC is scalable, privacy preserving, and useable by device agents with small computational power. Moreover, F-MBC is proven to overcome the challenge of mutually conflicting decisions from equivalent devices. Simulations in a simplified but challenging case study show that F-MBC produces near-optimal behaviour over multiple time-steps.

可变可再生能源发电量的增加使用和能源需求的进一步电气化，需要有效协调灵活的需求资源，以最有效地利用电力系统资产。灵活的电气负载通常很小，数量众多，种类繁多，并由自利的代理商拥有。考虑到灵活性的多时间性质和所涉及的不确定性，安排它们是一项复杂的任务。本文提出了一种基于预测的实时基于市场的实时控制方法（F-MBC），以使协调不间断的时移（即递延）负载的成本最小化。F-MBC具有可扩展性，隐私保护性，并且可由设备代理以较小的计算能力使用。此外，事实证明，F-MBC可以克服等效设备做出相互矛盾的决策带来的挑战。