Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) identification is one of the most meaningful approaches towards early cancer diagnosis. However, effective and practical methods for analyzing this emerging class of biomarkers are still lacking. In this work, a biosensor based on nitrophenyl functionalized black phosphorus nanosheets (NP-BPs) is fabricated for sensitive and selective detection of ctDNA. In this work, a nitrophenyl functionalized black phosphorus nanosheets (NP-BPs) biosensor is fabricated for sensitive and selective detection of ctDNA. Due to the successful nitrophenyl functionalization, the NP-BPs biosensor shows higher quenching efficiency and stronger affinity towards single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), as compared with double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). Therefore, the NP-BPs biosensor exhibits 5.4-fold fluorescence enhancement when dye-labelled ssDNA probe forms dsDNA in the presence of its specific ctDNA target. This biosensor exhibits a detection limit of 50 fM and a wide linear detection range of 50 fM-80 pM, provides reliable readout in a short time (15 min). Moreover, the NP-BPs-based biosensor could be applied to discriminate single nucleotide polymorphisms in clinical serum samples. It is envisioned that the NP-BPs-based sensing platform has great potentials in early cancer diagnosis and monitoring cancer progression.

循环肿瘤DNA（ctDNA）的鉴定是早期癌症诊断中最有意义的方法之一。但是，仍然缺乏有效的和实用的方法来分析这种新兴的生物标志物。在这项工作中，基于硝基苯基官能化的黑磷纳米片（NP-BPs）的生物传感器被制造用于ctDNA的灵敏和选择性检测。在这项工作中，硝基苯官能化的黑磷纳米片（NP-BPs）生物传感器被制造用于ctDNA的敏感和选择性检测。由于成功的硝基苯基功能化，与双链DNA（dsDNA）相比，NP-BPs生物传感器显示出更高的猝灭效率和对单链DNA（ssDNA）的更强亲和力。因此，NP-BPs生物传感器显示5。当染料标记的ssDNA探针在特定的ctDNA靶标存在下形成dsDNA时，荧光增强4倍。该生物传感器的检测极限为50 fM，线性检测范围为50 fM-80 pM，可在短时间内（15分钟）提供可靠的读数。此外，基于NP-BPs的生物传感器可用于区分临床血清样本中的单核苷酸多态性。可以预见，基于NP-BPs的传感平台在早期癌症诊断和监测癌症进展中具有巨大潜力。基于NP-BPs的生物传感器可用于区分临床血清样品中的单核苷酸多态性。可以预见，基于NP-BPs的传感平台在早期癌症诊断和监测癌症进展中具有巨大潜力。基于NP-BPs的生物传感器可用于区分临床血清样品中的单核苷酸多态性。可以预见，基于NP-BPs的传感平台在早期癌症诊断和监测癌症进展中具有巨大的潜力。