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Optimality analysis of locality-aware tit-for-tat-based P2P file distribution
Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-11 , DOI: 10.1007/s12083-020-00925-2
Yohei Nishi , Masahiro Sasabe , Shoji Kasahara

In the current Internet, periodic software update is essential to maintain systems secure from malicious attacks. In case of proliferated software, e.g., Operating System (OS), the distribution server for update tends to be a bottleneck, due to the concentration of users’ requests. To tackle this problem, several systems, e.g., Windows Update, have been applying the Peer-to-Peer (P2P) file distribution technique where clients called peers upload retrieved fragments of the original file, i.e., pieces, to others. However, peers may not be willing to upload pieces to others, due to their own communication overhead. BitTorrent has adopted the Tit-for-Tat (TFT) strategy in game theory, which encourages peers to exchange an equivalent number of pieces among each pair of peers. In recent years, the optimality of TFT-based P2P content distribution, i.e., file distribution and streaming, has been analyzed with the help of Integer Linear Programming (ILP). In this paper, considering the fact that the communication overhead inside a group, e.g., LAN or Autonomous System (AS), is much less than that of between groups, we model locality-aware TFT-based P2P file distribution where the TFT constraint is relaxed for intra-group communications. We further formulate the optimal piece flow determination problem as ILP in the similar way to the existing work. Through numerical results, we show that the locality-aware TFT-based P2P file distribution can achieve quasi-optimal average file download time when the upload capacity of the server is a bottleneck and the number of groups is moderate.

中文翻译:

基于位置感知的基于点对点的P2P文件分发的最优性分析

在当前的Internet中,定期进行软件更新对于维护系统免受恶意攻击的安全至关重要。在诸如操作系统(OS)之类的软件激增的情况下,由于用户请求的集中,用于更新的分发服务器趋向于成为瓶颈。为了解决此问题,一些系统(例如Windows Update)一直在使用对等(P2P)文件分发技术,其中称为对等方的客户端将检索到的原始文件的片段(即片段)上传给其他人。但是,由于自身的通信开销,对等方可能不愿意将片段上传给其他人。BitTorrent在博弈论中采用了“按兵不动(Tit-for-Tat)(TFT)”策略,该策略鼓励对等体在每对对等体之间交换相等数量的棋子。近年来,基于TFT的P2P内容分配的最优性,即 文件分发和流传输,已经借助整数线性编程(ILP)进行了分析。在本文中,考虑到诸如LAN或自治系统(AS)之类的组内部的通信开销远小于组之间的通信开销,我们对基于局域感知的基于TFT的P2P文件分布进行建模,其中TFT约束为轻松进行组内通信。我们以与现有工作类似的方式,进一步将最优件流确定问题公式化为ILP。通过数值结果表明,当服务器的上传容量为瓶颈且组数为中等时,基于TFT的P2P本地性文件分发可以实现准最佳平均文件下载时间。考虑到一个组(例如,LAN或自治系统(AS))内部的通信开销远小于组之间的通信开销,我们对基于位置的基于TFT的P2P文件分布进行建模,其中TFT约束对于内部小组交流。我们以与现有工作类似的方式,进一步将最优件流确定问题公式化为ILP。通过数值结果表明,当服务器的上传容量为瓶颈且组数为中等时,基于TFT的P2P本地性文件分发可以实现准最佳平均文件下载时间。考虑到一个组(例如,LAN或自治系统(AS))内部的通信开销远小于组之间的通信开销,我们对基于位置的基于TFT的P2P文件分布进行建模,其中TFT约束对于内部小组交流。我们以与现有工作类似的方式,进一步将最优件流确定问题公式化为ILP。通过数值结果表明,当服务器的上传容量为瓶颈且组数为中等时,基于TFT的P2P本地性文件分发可以实现准最佳平均文件下载时间。我们对基于位置的TFT的P2P文件分发进行建模,其中TFT约束对于组内通信是放宽的。我们以与现有工作类似的方式,进一步将最优件流确定问题公式化为ILP。通过数值结果表明,当服务器的上传容量为瓶颈且组数为中等时,基于TFT的P2P本地性文件分发可以实现准最佳平均文件下载时间。我们对基于位置的TFT的P2P文件分发进行建模,其中TFT约束对于组内通信是放宽的。我们以与现有工作类似的方式,进一步将最优件流确定问题公式化为ILP。通过数值结果表明,当服务器的上传容量为瓶颈且组数为中等时,基于TFT的P2P本地性文件分发可以实现准最佳平均文件下载时间。
更新日期:2020-06-11
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