Silybum marianum L. Gaertn is a medicinal plant of unique pharmaceutical properties in the treatment of liver disorders and diabetic nephropathy. Biochemical (SDS-PAGE) and molecular markers such as randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) technologies were used in this work to detect genetic diversity of 14 collections of Silybum marianum population in Egypt. The electrophoretic pattern of seed protein gave different molecular weight bands, ranging from 24 to 111 KDa with the presence of unique bands. RAPD results revealed a high level of polymorphism (73.2%) using 12 RAPD primers, but only eight of them gave reproducible polymorphic DNA pattern. Sixteen primers were used in the ISSR method; only ten of them yielded clearly identifiable bands. The percentage of polymorphism is about 80% of the studied samples. The obtained data confirmed that SDS-protein, RAPD, and ISSR markers are important tools for genetic analysis for Silybum marianum and recommended to give accurate results.

中文翻译：

---

埃及水飞蓟（Silybum marianum（L.）Gaertn）种群遗传多样性的分子分析

水飞蓟（Silybum marianum L. Gaertn）是具有独特药物特性的药用植物，可用于治疗肝脏疾病和糖尿病性肾病。这项工作中使用了生物化学（SDS-PAGE）和分子标记，例如随机扩增的多态性DNA（RAPD）和简单序列间重复（ISSR）技术来检测埃及14个水飞蓟属种群的遗传多样性。种子蛋白的电泳图谱给出了不同的分子量谱带，范围为24至111 KDa，并存在独特的谱带。RAPD结果显示使用12种RAPD引物具有很高的多态性（73.2％），但只有8种引物具有可再现的多态性DNA模式。ISSR方法中使用了16个引物。其中只有十个产生清晰可辨的频段。多态性的百分比约为所研究样品的80％。获得的数据证实了SDS蛋白，RAPD和ISSR标记是用于水飞蓟属遗传分析的重要工具，建议提供准确的结果。