This article presents the characterization of analog and digital control loops using PID/PIDN control algorithms for bidirectional buck–boost converter (BBC). Control loops of BBC are designed and implemented in MATLAB code using transfer functions in time domain with unit step response and in frequency domain with bode plots and pole-zero plots. These transfer functions are obtained by average large signal modeling of BBC. Actions of analog and digital control loops are characterized in order to ensure stability and dynamic response of BBC which is a bottleneck in renewable energy applications. Improvement in dynamic response and stability of BBC with PIDN control algorithm is demonstrated using bode plots, pole-zero plots, and step response. Control loop gain due to transfer functions of power stage and controllers is demonstrated, and it is found stable in both analog and digital control loops. PIDN compensator is proposed to maintain a healthy balance between the stability and transient behavior since both are indirectly proportional. BBC is modeled using average large signal modeling technique, simulated using MATLAB tool, and analysis of dynamic and stability response is done through unit step input, bode plot, and pole-zero plot. Hardware is designed and implemented using TMS320F28335 controller.

中文翻译：

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使用 PID/PIDN 算法表征双向降压-升压转换器的模拟和数字控制回路

本文介绍了使用双向降压-升压转换器 (BBC) 的 PID/PIDN 控制算法的模拟和数字控制回路的特性。BBC 的控制回路是在 MATLAB 代码中设计和实现的，使用时域中的传递函数具有单位阶跃响应，频域中具有波特图和零极点图。这些传递函数是通过 BBC 的平均大信号建模获得的。模拟和数字控制回路的动作具有特征，以确保 BBC 的稳定性和动态响应，这是可再生能源应用中的瓶颈。使用波特图、零极点图和阶跃响应证明了使用 PIDN 控制算法改善 BBC 的动态响应和稳定性。演示了由于功率级和控制器的传递函数引起的控制环路增益，并且它在模拟和数字控制回路中都很稳定。提出 PIDN 补偿器是为了在稳定性和瞬态行为之间保持健康的平衡，因为两者都是间接成比例的。BBC采用平均大信号建模技术建模，使用MATLAB工具进行仿真，通过单位阶跃输入、波特图和零极点图进行动态和稳定性响应分析。硬件是使用 TMS320F28335 控制器设计和实现的。和零极点图。硬件是使用 TMS320F28335 控制器设计和实现的。和零极点图。硬件是使用 TMS320F28335 控制器设计和实现的。